Monotonous gladiolus
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Monotonous gladiolus ( Gladiolus tristis ), illustration |
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The Drab gladiolus ( Gladiolus tristis ) is a plant of the genus gladiolus ( Gladiolus ) in the family of the Iridaceae (Iridaceae). It is one of the parent species of the garden gladiolus ( Gladiolus x hortulanus ).
features
The monotonous gladiolus is a perennial herbaceous plant that reaches heights of 40 to 70, rarely up to 150 centimeters. As a permanent organ, this geophyte forms tubers with a diameter of about 1 to 2 cm. The stem is unbranched. The alternate and two-lined leaves on the stem are simple, long, sword-shaped, parallel-veined, four-winged in cross-section, twisted, 30 to 95 centimeters long and about 1.5 to 5 centimeters wide. The leaf margin is smooth.
A terminal, unbranched, predominantly one-sided, ear-like inflorescence is formed, which contains bracts and usually two to four (rarely up to eight) flowers. The sessile, hermaphrodite, threefold flower , which smells of carnations at night, is zygomorphic . The flower tube is about 45 to 50 mm long. There are two times three bloom bracts of the same shape and color , they are white to cream-colored, with violet-brown on the outside, the central nerve is greenish-yellow to purple. There is only the inner circle with three free, fertile stamens , because they are opposite the outer bracts and do not protrude from the flower tube with which they are fused at the base. The stamens are about 20 mm long and the anthers are about 12 mm long. Three carpels have become an under constant ovary grown. The stylus ends in three pits. The flowering period usually extends from May to June.
The triple capsule fruit is 34 to 36 mm long and contains many seeds. The wide-winged seeds are 5 mm long and 4 mm wide.
Occurrence
The monotonous gladiolus occurs in South Africa in the western Cape Province on sandy hills and fields.
use
The monotonous gladiolus is rarely used as an ornamental plant. It is not hardy in Central Europe.
supporting documents
- Description in the Flora of North America. (engl.)
- Description in the Western Australian Flora. (engl.)
literature
- Eckehart J. Jäger, Friedrich Ebel, Peter Hanelt, Gerd K. Müller (eds.): Rothmaler excursion flora from Germany. Volume 5: Herbaceous ornamental and useful plants. Spectrum, Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg 2008, ISBN 978-3-8274-0918-8 .
Web links
- Gladiolus tristis . In: S. Dressler, M. Schmidt, G. Zizka (Eds.): African plants - A Photo Guide. Senckenberg, Frankfurt / Main 2014.