Lone fighter course

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Special badge EKL2 Leader of a hunting command / subordinate unit

The lone fighter course is the course-related training of the Bundeswehr for survival and penetration as well as hunting combat .

Goal and implementation

The course aims to bring the participants to their mental and physical performance limits. Perseverance, resilience, the ability to make decisions under difficult situations and after physical strain as well as the will to lead are required psychological performance elements .

In contrast to its introduction at the beginning of the 1980s, the course today consists of two training sections: the four-week lone fighter course 1 (EKL 1) leader of a self-sufficient group (basic course) and the advanced course EKL 2 leader of a hunting squad / subordinate unit (performance course ). The lone fighter training with parts 1 and 2 as well as military close combat of all troops are in the X. and XII. Inspection carried out at the infantry school. The training capacity is intended to enable 600 to 700 soldiers to be trained in lone fighter course 1 every year. The chief of the inspection is a lieutenant colonel, the lecture hall directors as former company commanders are experienced captains, and training sergeants are experienced sergeants. The training level is around 20 soldiers per lecture hall.

Participation in EK1 is compulsory for officer and sergeant candidates in service. For the officer cadets and officers of other branches of the armed forces, the course on survival in action or the course on maintaining infantry skills was introduced with a training duration of three weeks.

With the lone fighter course II, the inspection also carries out the hunting command course and the military close combat course . In five weeks, selected soldiers will be prepared for deployment procedures in unfamiliar terrain, including blasting and air transport exercises, in the Jagdkommando course.

Since 2010, the course content instructor hand-to-hand combat has been outsourced to the separate course instructor for military close combat for all troops . Its course content is based on the Israeli Krav Maga self-defense.

Prerequisites for the courses are the first aid worker A, the performance certificate German sports badge and proven lone fighter preparations (EKV). The entrance examination passes a. from the 3000 m cross-country run with gun and luggage in 19:00 minutes (previously 3:30 pm), 100 m swimming in clothes in 4:00 minutes and the day-O-march and the night-O-march as basic skills.

Both the lone fighter course I survival and penetration as well as the lone fighter course II hunting combat are guide courses for which the sergeant's or officer training should be completed.

history

The first lone fighter course was held in 1957 at the airborne and air transport school. The lone fighter course took place in 1958, as the first experimental course, at the infantry school in Hammelburg ; was discontinued there from 2007. The Hofgut Sodenberg served as a training and accommodation facility until 1968. From 1968 until the first dissolution of the lone fighter inspection in 1979, the training took place temporarily in two inspections, until 1974 in Seewiese Castle (Gräfendorf). The courses were carried out dual by the fifth inspection (5th inspection) at the Sauwaldhof air landing and air transport school . see

Content of the courses

Part 1 of the course trains leaders and instructors for soldiers on their own in order to enable them to survive in enemy territory after agreements have been made with their own troops and to make their way back to their own troops. Under physical exertion and psychological pressure, the participants must later be able to lead a group on their own . The skills required include: a. Orientation exercises, abseiling, crossing water, hand prank and ambush training. The highlight is a 48-hour exercise in which the soldiers with their combat equipment are left with almost no provisions. The course content consists of practical continuous stress tasks to determine negative potential for aggression and the soldier's stamina as a guide and trainer. The soldiers are pushed to their limits by lying down and lack of sleep.

Lone Fighter Course (EKL1)

On the day of slaughter during the hunger week, the course participants learn how to prepare raw food by slaughtering trout and rabbits.

Hunting Combat Course (EKL2)

  • Instructor in lone combat training for all troops
  • Leader of a hunting command or a sub-unit in the hunting command also in the extended range of tasks in hunting combat
  • Leader of a Jagdkommando or a sub-unit in the Jagdkommando in special operations, especially in the fight against irregular forces.

Example of a roster of leaders of a self- sufficient group EKL1

Special badge EKL1 Leader of a self-sufficient group
  • 1 week
    • Monday: arrival
    • Tuesday: entrance test (3000 m run and obstacle course), lessons, weapons reception, instructions
    • Wednesday: Relocation to the training area, express march , hiding training , fire training, fire test, express march back with the transport of the wounded.
    • Thursday: Orientation march by day and tent sheet package training
    • Friday: knot formation
  • 2 weeks
    • Monday: Relocation in Sauwald , obstacle course in the group framework, training coup / ambush , hand-to-hand combat (since the beginning of 2008 Krav Maga of the IKMF )
    • Tuesday: express march to the Lech barrage, abseiling training , rubber dinghy, tarpaulin package, crossing the Lech barrage, express march to Sauwaldhof, until 3:00 a.m. test in a coup d'état / ambush
    • Wednesday: Close combat, lessons, rope course in the Sauwald
    • Thursday: express march to the abseil point, abseiling, crossing of waters, express march to Sauwaldhof, close combat
    • Friday: close combat, obstacle course, trap training, relocation to Altenstadt
  • 3rd week (starvation week, a maximum of one pack of survival food)
    • Monday: relocation in Sauwald, close combat, obstacle course in a group setting, night orientation march
    • Tuesday: Lessons percolation , group battle, since 2010: 12-hour survival night (alone and without luggage, with subsequent SERE admission procedure)
    • Wednesday: 24-hour short exercise, express march with wounded transport
    • Thursday: back to Sauwaldhof, battles
    • Friday: Close combat test, transfer back to Altenstadt
  • 4th week (no meals during the entire final exercise)
    • Monday to Wednesday: final exercise with all topics, walking distance approx. 70 km
    • Thursday: Wrap-up, awarding of the badge by the commander
    • Friday: departure

Example of a duty roster for the leader of a hunting squad / subordinate unit EKL 2

  • 1 week
    • Monday: arrival
    • Tuesday: Introduction to the course, entrance test (obstacle course under 1:50 min, 7000 m run with 20 kg luggage under 52 min)
    • Wednesday: Basics of weapons and equipment training, lessons (rope lessons, telecommunications, radios, hand weapons, ...)
    • Thursday: Close combat training, orienteering (without evaluation), air loading exercise (CH 53)
    • Friday: Close combat training
  • 2 weeks
    • Monday: Laying Sauwald, blasting training, lessons (coup, ambush), card folding technique
    • Tuesday: Practical rope training in Füssen (quarry), teaching principles of the hunting command
    • Wednesday: practical training coup / ambush within the scope of the Jagdkommando,
    • Thursday: School-based execution of a hunting squad in all phases on an object
    • Friday: Close combat training
  • 3 week
    • Monday: Practical exam in rope training in Füssen (quarry), isolation phase
    • Tuesday: planning phase, transfer to the emergency room, infiltration
    • Wednesday: Infiltration, life in hiding, reconnaissance of the object, reconnaissance in close range, execution of the action (coup d'état)
    • Thursday: Evasion into the near hiding place, exfiltration , moving into the hiding place, admission, repatriation, debriefing
    • Friday: Written test rope training, exam instructor in hand-to-hand combat training
  • 4th week:
    • Monday: Written test Jagdkommando, start of the practical test hunting combat, isolation phase, planning phase, transfer
    • Tuesday: Infiltration, life in hiding, close-up reconnaissance, object reconnaissance, carrying out the action (coup d'état)
    • Wednesday: Evade into close hiding places, move into alternative hiding places, follow-up assignment, planning, reconnaissance, carrying out an ambush
    • Thursday: exfiltration, admission, repatriation, debriefing
    • Friday: Close combat test close combat track, urban terrain
  • 5th week
    • Monday: isolation phase, planning phase, transfer, infiltration
    • Tuesday: life in hiding, object and close-up reconnaissance, carrying out a coup, transporting the wounded to close-up hiding
    • Wednesday: exfiltration, admission, removal, follow-up work, debriefing
    • Thursday: follow-up to the course, handover of material
    • Friday: award ceremony, end of course, departure

Carrying method

The manner in which special badges are worn is regulated by the central guideline A2-2630 / 0-0-5 "Dress code for soldiers in the Bundeswehr". Gem. Appendix 7 of the Directive are special badges ( leader in the paratroopers special operations , backup commander of the Air Force, Heeresbergführer , ammunition personnel, commando) in the center of the right Bundsttasche of service suit to wear.

See also

literature

  • Werner Ebeling / Horst Engelbrecht: Fight and get through. The lone fighter - war-oriented training for behavior away from the troops , 11th edition Koblenz (Bernard and Graefe) 1999. ISBN 978-3-7637-5441-0 . ISBN 3-7637-5441-5 . First edition under the title Fighting and Getting Through. War-like training for behavior away from the troops , Darmstadt (Wehr und Wissen Verlagsgesellschaft) 1961.
  • BUNDESWEHR / LONE FIGHTER: caterpillars, pupae, pea puree . In: Der Spiegel . No. 44 , 1969, pp. 101-102 ( Online - Oct. 27, 1969 ).
  • For the really tough . In: Y - The Bundeswehr Magazine , Edition 08/2011, August 11, 2011 ( online ).
  • Heinz Volz: Survival in nature and the environment. Mastering dangers with simple means. With exercise and training plan as well as ABC part . 15th updated edition, Walhalla, Regensburg 2012, ISBN 978-3-8029-6437-4 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Wolfgang Dünnebier: Lone fighters are back home. In: Mainpost . December 12, 2012, accessed December 3, 2013 .
  2. ↑ www.deutschebundeswehr.de LL / LTS Geschichte 1957 Implementation of the first lone fighter course ( Memento from January 22, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
  3. ↑ LL / LTS teaching group B V. In ( Memento from April 24, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
  4. ↑ That really hurts ( Memento from March 5, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Y - The Bundeswehr magazine (see second half of the article)