Obstacle course
The obstacle course (short and H-Bahn , Hiba, and storm track ) is a military training facility, the physical strength , endurance , agility and quickness of soldiers to train. The obstacle course is overcome either individually or in a group . With the latter method, the soldiers should primarily learn that they are more efficient by working together and how they can support each other in overcoming obstacles.
construction
There is usually an obstacle course in every barracks . It is several hundred meters long and the ground is made up of a combination of earth, sand , grass or tartan . The obstacle course of the Bundeswehr has 12 obstacles and is 250 meters long. The armed forces , on the other hand, use the CISM train.
Stations
An obstacle course usually includes at least the following stations:
- Steigbahn / "chicken ladder": this is an obstacle that rises about 45 degrees in the form of a smooth wooden slide or multi-level, transversely built wooden beam, which must be climbed with a run-up to a platform about 2.5 m high. Once at the top, you jump down into a sand basin. The aim is to learn to jump from a great height and with your legs together.
- Escalating wall : a wooden wall a little over two meters high that has to be overcome. An advanced variant is about three meters high. With this variant, a board is missing at a height of about one meter, so that the jump cannot take place from the ground, but first has to put a foot in the recess.
- Balancing beam: it consists of a tree trunk a few meters long and about 50 cm high, which must be crossed in full.
- Sliding obstacle: wires stretched over sand at a low height, which must be crossed under at the lowest possible pace.
- Trench : this is a 1.2 m deep shaft that you have to jump into and climb out again.
- Tripwires : a low wire mesh through which the soldier has to walk without getting caught.
- Spanish riders : several wooden beams arranged in an X-shape that must be climbed.
CISM train
The track used for the military pentathlon is standardized according to the Conseil International du Sport Militaire (CISM) with a length of 500 meters and 20 obstacles:
- begin
- 1. Rope ladder: 5 meters with rigid rungs of 50 cm between ropes for climbing over
- 2. Double bars: 95 and 135 cm to cross
- 3. Tripwire: 55 cm high wires to step over
- 4. Crawl ditch: 50 cm high tensioned ropes at 20 meters to crawl through
- 5. Ford: 8 meter gravel bed with five concrete pegs to cross
- 6. Bar hurdle: 2.2 meter high hurdle with three cross bars to climb over
- 7. Balance beam: 8.5 meters long, 1 meter high, 12 cm wide
- 8. Inclined wall: 3 meters high, with rope to climb over
- 9. Bar wave: 4 bars alternating 120 cm (exceeding) and 60 cm (crawling through)
- 10. Irish table: 2 meter high 45 cm wide table to climb over
- 11. Channel and double beam: 50 × 50 cm passage, then 120 cm over and 50 cm crawl through
- 12. Bar stairs: 4 bars at an increasing height from 75 to 230 cm, 1.45 meters apart
- 13. Wall and ditch: 1.8 meter inclined wall and 2 meter jump into a pit
- 14. Low wall: 1 meter to cross
- 15. Pit: 2 meters deep and 3.5 meters long “lion's den” to cross
- 16. Ladder: 4 meters of rigid 70 cm rungs to climb over
- 17. High wall: 1.9 meters to climb over
- 18. Bar walkway: 14 meters zigzag for balancing at a height of 50 cm
- 19. Maze: 8 meter railing with two hairpin bends
- 20. Wall group: 3 walls (1, 1.2 and 1 meters) each 6 m apart
A competitive track has two parallel tracks. The track has four hairpin bends so that it consists of five partial tracks of approx. 100 meters each.
Increases
Depending on the level of training, the level of difficulty can be increased by:
- Bringing weapons and luggage
- Transporting a “wounded” comrade or taking additional material with you
- Wear NBC protective clothing
- Time restriction
- Training with limited visibility or bad weather
Variant of the NVA and the VPB
The Sturmbahn was laid out as a 200 m long replica of a section of terrain as part of the military physical training (MKE) , on which obstacles typical for combat operations had to be overcome. The start and finish lines were at the same height so that the distance to be covered was 400 m. The storm track was overcome with a steel helmet, Fecht-MPi (a wooden model) and a gas mask bag. There were two basic standards (Sturmbahn Norm 9 in winter and Norm 10 in summer). Either the field service uniform (summer / winter) or the so-called black suit (black work overalls) was worn, for exercise purposes or for morning exercise also sportswear.
The following stations had to be mastered:
- about 20 m obstacle to crawl or climb over
- (Water) dig about 2 m wide
- Climbing on the horizontal rope: A rope stretched about 3 m high, which was reached via a hanging rope. The horizontal rope was overcome hanging or on top at approx. 15-20 m.
- Escalating wall 2 m high
- Climbing obstacle: A standing obstacle had to be overcome by jumping from a round pipe to a second pipe.
- Canal obstacle (soldier jargon: burrow ): Two canal entrances, which were connected by a 10 m long concrete tube, had to be crossed. They climbed onto the entrance, jumped in, slid through the canal (the Fecht-MPi on the side, they were often pushed through the canal in front), climbed up over two iron steps in the exit and then jumped out ( flanked ).
- Trench hurdle: two trenches, divided by a pipe fence, had to be overcome. You jumped over the first trench onto the foundation of the fence, climbed through the fence and had to jump over the second trench section from a standing start.
- Gable wall with upper and lower window: A rope hung from the gable wall, with the help of which one could get into the lower window. From there you had to climb onto a board about 1 m higher on the other side and jump about 2 m from a height of about 4 m onto an approx. 3 m high concrete element, then again to a 1.5 m high concrete element.
- Seesaw
- Jump at the end of the storm track into a foxhole, throw hand grenade long-range target (with an F1 training hand grenade ), put on gas mask and run back to the beginning of the storm track. After the finish line you lay down, MPi at the ready, then the time measurement was stopped.
In addition to overcoming the storm track individually, there was also overcoming the storm track collectively . That meant that a group, platoon or company should get over the railway as quickly as possible. However, assistance was expressly permitted. The time was taken with the last soldier raising his weapon.
The exact shape of the storm track could deviate from the normal storm track in certain special units and branches of arms . So a modified form was used for fire training, in which elements and obstacles of the storm track were set on fire with napalm .
Obstacle course in fire fighting
The course of the discipline 100-meter steeplechase at the Fire Brigade Sports occurs over a obstacle course. 23 meters after the start there is an escalating wall two meters high, which the 100-meter runner has to overcome. Five meters behind are two rolled C-hoses that have to be picked up. The run-up board for the walking beam is located at the 38 meter mark, which is 120 centimeters high, 18 centimeters wide and eight meters long. At 75 meters there is a distributor to which one of the two C-hoses is to be connected. When crossing the finish line, the hose line from the distributor must be coupled via both C-hoses to an carried nozzle. The run will only be recognized if the obstacles have been properly overcome, the hose line is correctly coupled and the coupled nozzle has been brought over the finish line.
See also
Web links
literature
- Central service regulation A2-226 / 0-0-4710 - Combat service of all troops (on land)
Individual evidence
- ↑ International Military Sports Council (CISM): Military Pentathlon Regulations (Edition 2020)
- ↑ Handbook Military Basic Knowledge , Military Publishing House of the German Democratic Republic, NVA edition, 14th edition 1985
- ^ Franz-Josef Sehr : X. Fire Brigade Olympics 1993 in Berlin . In: Florian Hessen 9/1993 . Munkelt Verlag, Wiesbaden 1993, p. 24-26 . ISSN 0936-5370 .