Haller's devil's claw

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Haller's devil's claw
Haller's devil's claw (Phyteuma ovatum)

Haller's devil's claw ( Phyteuma ovatum )

Systematics
Euasterids II
Order : Astern-like (Asterales)
Family : Bellflower family (Campanulaceae)
Subfamily : Campanuloideae
Genre : Devil's Claws ( Phyteuma )
Type : Haller's devil's claw
Scientific name
Phyteuma ovatum
Honck.

The Haller devil's claw ( Phyteuma ovatum ), also Ovate devil's claw or egg head-devil's claw called, is a plant from the genus of devil's claw ( Phyteuma ) within the family of the bell flower plants (Campanulaceae).

description

Stems and alternate leaves
inflorescence

Vegetative characteristics

Haller's devil's claw is a perennial herbaceous plant that reaches heights of 30 to 100 centimeters.

The basal leaves are long stalked and heart-shaped. The leaf blades are about as long as they are wide and roughly double-toothed. The alternate stem leaves are slightly smaller, the uppermost being lanceolate.

Generative characteristics

The flowering period extends from June to August. The bracts are narrowly lanceolate and shorter than the dense, egg-shaped to cylindrical, spiked inflorescence . The hermaphrodite flowers are five-fold with a double flower envelope. Before blooming, the 10 to 15 millimeter long, black-purple corolla tube is curved upwards. In the subalpine altitude there are also plant specimens with a yellowish to white crown , only the two stigmas per individual flower are brownish.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 22.

Habitus in the habitat
Herbarium evidence

Occurrence

Haller's devil's claw occurs from the Pyrenees to the Alps . In Austria it occurs scattered in the federal states of Styria , Carinthia , Tyrol and Vorarlberg .

Haller's Teufelskralle prefers to inhabit fresh, nutrient-rich meadows and tall herbaceous meadows , green alder bushes and beech forests . It is common in the mountains of southern and central Europe. Haller's devil's claw can be found up to an altitude of 2400 meters. It is a type of character of the Trisetetum, but also occurs in societies of the Adenostylion. In the Allgäu Alps, it rises on the Kemptner Kopf in Bavaria to an altitude of 2191 meters.

Systematics

Phyteuma ovatum was first published in 1782 by Gerhard August Honckeny .

From Phyteuma ovatum there are two subspecies:

  • Phyteuma ovatum Honck. subsp. ovatum (Syn .: Phyteuma halleri All. , Phyteuma ovale Hoppe , Phyteuma spicatum var. rapunculus Pers. , Phyteuma urticifolium Clairv. nom. superfl., Phyteuma spicatum var. alpestre Godr. , Phyteuma halleri var. caerulescens Bonnet , Phyteuma halleri var. pseudonigrum Murr , Phyteuma halleri var. coeruleum Rich.Schulz , Phyteuma halleri var. cordifolium Rich.Schulz , Phyteuma halleri var. glabriflora Rouy , Phyteuma alpestre (Godr.) Prain , Phyteuma spicatum subsp. alpestre (Godr.) Kerguélen ): It comes from the Pyrenees to the Alps.
  • Phyteuma ovatum subsp. pseudospicatum Pignatti : It occurs in northern Italy.

The differentiation from Phyteuma spicatum is not very clear. Perhaps these representatives are hybridogenic .

literature

  • Xaver Finkenzeller, Jürke Grau: Alpine flowers. Recognize and determine (=  Steinbach's natural guide ). Mosaik, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-576-11482-3 .
  • Manfred A. Fischer, Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2005, ISBN 3-85474-140-5 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  897 .
  2. ↑ a b c d e Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Phyteuma ovatum - data sheet at World Checklist of Selected Plant Families of the Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Last accessed on April 14, 2016.
  3. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 2, IHW, Eching 2004, ISBN 3-930167-61-1 , p. 557.

Web links

Commons : Haller's Teufelskralle ( Phyteuma ovatum )  - album with pictures, videos and audio files