Eisenacher regulative

The Eisenacher Regulativ is a catalog of regulations for the design of Protestant church buildings in Germany , with which a basic standardization of church buildings in the 19th century was aimed for. It was published in 1861, replacing the Dresden regulation of 1856.

history

The Eisenach regulation was established in 1861 at the Eisenach Church Conference (May 30 to June 5, 1861) with the participation and participation of well-known building councilors (secret senior building officer Friedrich August Stüler from Berlin , senior building officer Christian Friedrich von Leins from Stuttgart and building officer Conrad Wilhelm Hase from Hanover ) decided in Eisenach . The basic theological impulses came primarily from Theodor Kliefoth .

In 16 regulations, based on medieval architectural styles, e.g. E.g. an east facing of the church and a cross-shaped floor plan with a pronounced nave are recommended. Since no remodeling was required of existing churches, the historically grown overall appearance of the church building could be preserved. The neo-Gothic began its triumphant advance.

The Eisenach regulation was valid for about 30 years and shaped the new church buildings, especially the Lutheran regional churches, until it was replaced by the Wiesbaden program created in 1890 by Pastor Emil Veesenmeyer and implemented for the first time at the Wiesbaden Ringkirche in 1892 by the Berlin architect Johannes Otzen . The church authorities did not respond to this. It was not until the second church building congress in Dresden in 1906 that there was a freer architecture in Protestant church building. The regulations of the Eisenach regulation remained in effect until 1908.

Extract from the recommendations

The numbers of the theses of the Wiesbaden program are given in brackets :

1. Every church should be oriented according to ancient customs , i. H. be laid out so that their sanctuary faces the sunrise.

2. The most appropriate basic shape for evangelical worship is an elongated square. [...]

3. The dignity of the Christian church building demands connection to one of the historically developed Christian architectural styles and recommends the so-called Germanic (Gothic) style in the basic shape of the elongated square next to the early Christian basilica and the so-called Romanesque (pre-Gothic) style. (1) [...]

7. The sanctuary (choir) is to be raised several steps above the floor of the nave. It is big enough if it allows the space required for the acts of worship on all sides around the altar. [...]
There are also no barriers to separate the sanctuary from the nave. (2)

8. Depending on the liturgical and acoustic needs, the altar may be more forward or backward, between the choir arch and the rear wall, but must never be placed directly (without an intermediate passage) in front of the rear wall of the choir. One step higher than the choir floor, it must have barriers, including a device to kneel for the confirmands, communicants, copulands and the like. s. w. to have. (3) [...]

10. The pulpit may not be in front of, behind or above the altar, nor in the choir at all. Their correct position is where the choir and nave meet, on a pillar of the choir arch facing outwards (towards the nave); in large churches with multiple aisles on one of the eastern pillars of the central nave. (4) [...]

11. The organ , in which the cantor and the choir must also have his place, finds its natural place opposite the altar at the west end of the church on a gallery above the main entrance. (4) [...]

Examples

• 1859–1864 Christ Church in Hanover
• 1863–1869 Paulskirche in Schwerin
• 1865–1866 Maria Magdalenen Church in Elmschenhagen
• 1871–1872 Church of Peace in Steele
• 1878–1880 Presbyter Church in Kalk
• 1880–1882 St. Johannis in Hamburg
• 1884–1888 Evangelical town church in Wanfried
• 1894 Kreuzkirche in Senne II
• 1896–1897 Church of Thanks in Holtenau
• 1902–1903 Nathanael Church in Berlin-Steglitz

See also

• Wiesbaden program

Web links

• The Eisenacher Regulativ - rules for the Protestant church building, decided in 1861 at the church conference in Eisenach with the participation of Friedrich August Stüler, secret senior building officer in Berlin, Christian Friedrich von Leins, senior building officer in Stuttgart and Conrad Wilhelm Hase, building officer in Hanover. (Full text version). Ev.-luth. St. Johannis-Pauli Church in Lower Saxony, homepage. Retrieved July 29, 2019 . 
• https://www.monumente-online.de/de/ Ausgabe /2017/1/Kirchenbau/ protestantischer-Kirchenbau.php , accessed on September 30, 2019

literature

• Paul Kaiser: The so-called Eisenacher Regulativ of 1861. A canonical phantom. In: Klaus Raschzok , Reiner Sörries (Hrsg.): History of Protestant church building. Festschrift for Peter Poscharsky on his 60th birthday. Junge, Erlangen 1994, ISBN 3-87388-025-3 , pp. 115-118.
• Stephan Dedring, Olaf Nöller (eds.): Evangelical main church in Rheydt. 1902-2002. Contributions to the history and significance of a major work of late historicism in the Rhineland. Festschrift for the 100th anniversary of the inauguration on December 2nd, 1902. Municipal office of the Evangelical Church Community Rheydt, Mönchengladbach 2002, ISBN 3-00-010531-X ; therein the articles Johannes Otzen's opus ultimum and Die Modernität backward-looking building .
• Helmut Umbach: Sacred Spaces - Gates of Heaven. V&R Unipress, Göttingen 2005, ISBN 3-89971-240-4 , p. 270 ff.
• Karen David-Sirocko: Georg Gottlob Ungewitter and the picturesque neo-Gothic in Hesse, Hamburg, Hanover and Leipzig. Michael Imhof Verlag, Petersberg 1997, ISBN 3-932526-03-1 .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Archive link ( Memento of the original from February 22, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
2. ↑ http://www.glass-portal.privat.t-online.de/nsw/regulativ.htm