Eitzum (Schöppenstedt)

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Eitzum
Coat of arms of Eitzum
Coordinates: 52 ° 9 ′ 21 ″  N , 10 ° 49 ′ 4 ″  E
Height : 150 m above sea level NN
Residents : 368  (December 1, 2016)
Incorporation : March 1, 1974
Postal code : 38170
Area code : 05332
Eitzum am Elm
Eitzum am Elm

Eitzum is a district of the town of Schöppenstedt in the Wolfenbüttel district ( Lower Saxony ).

geography

Eitzum is located on the Elm ridge . There are some hills around Eitzum whose meaning is unclear. One hill bears the field name Lauseberg, which is the only field name of this type in the entire Wolfenbüttel district . The Low German form "Luseberg" indicates lice, "lousy mountain". Lus , however, means reed or rush in Old High German . Another hill is the legendary Totenberg. According to a legend, a battle took place on the death chamber between Eitzum and Schliestedt and several skulls were found when a sand pit was excavated.

history

The early ceramic settlement near Eitzum is an archaeological site of Neolithic tools and ceramics. It bears witness to a settlement in the 5th millennium BC. Chr.

The place was first mentioned in a document in 1260 as Etsen . In 1290 the spelling was Etxem, 1302 Eysen, 1311 Ekzem and Eytzem, 1336 Etsum, 1344 Tetzem and 1476 Eytsem. But the vernacular says Eitzen. In High German the place means " Eichen -Heim, Eichheim".

The von Dahlum sold the bailiwick belonging to the Schliestedter castle to the Marienberg monastery in 1260 . This had the property nor in 1778. The Cistercian - Kloster Riddagshausen in Braunschweig received from those of Warle 1290 a hoof and had a Halbspännerhof with 53 morning. In 1802 there were three mills in Eitzum; one of them went to the von Watzum as a ducal fief in 1318. During excavations in the second half of the 19th century, a bronze bull's head was found in the place, apparently the end piece of a drinking horn fitting as it was common on the northern Baltic Sea islands. Presumably it is an early European import.

On March 1, 1974, Eitzum was incorporated into the city of Schöppenstedt.

Eitzumer mills

In the 18th and 19th centuries, up to four water mills were in operation in Eitzum along the Altenau . The first was built as an oil mill from 1744 and later also used as a sawmill . In the 19th century the mill was expanded to include a barley mill. The machine manufacturer Gottlieb Luther, who later founded the Luther works in Braunschweig , used the mill from 1860 to try out the latest milling technology. In 1861 Luther sold his shares in the mill to the merchant August Willing, who added a flax swing factory to the facility. The mill was in operation until around 1905 and was primarily used as a sawmill from 1878. In addition to the oil mill, there were three other mills that were operated by farmers.

coat of arms

Coat of arms Eitzum (Schöppenstedt) .png

The green arch indicates the wooded area of ​​the Elm and the surrounding hills. The red diamond (clearing) symbolizes the proximity to the edge of the forest. The stylized mill wheel is reminiscent of the water mills on the Altenau (wavy line).

literature

  • Gesine Schwarz-Mackensen: The early ceramic settlement near Eitzum in the Wolfenbüttel district. Landesmuseum Braunschweig 1985, 91 pp., 15 illustrations, 43 plates, 2 plans. ISBN 3-88452-817-3

swell

  1. ↑ Samtgemeinde Elm-Asse: Population figures and area sizes ( Memento of the original from June 22, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed March 27, 2017 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.elm-asse.de
  2. ^ Gesine Schwarz-Mackensen: The early ceramic settlement near Eitzum district Wolfenbüttel. Landesmuseum Braunschweig 1985, p. 214, ISBN 3-88452-817-3
  3. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 272 .
  4. ↑ Braunschweiger Zeitung of January 7, 2010, p. 34

Web links