Ellagic acid
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| General | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Surname | Ellagic acid | |||||||||||||||||||||
| other names |
2,3,7,8-Tetrahydroxychromeno [5,4,3- cde ] chromene -5,10-dione ( IUPAC ) |
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| Molecular formula | C 14 H 6 O 8 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Brief description |
light gray solid |
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| properties | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Molar mass | 302.19 g mol −1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Physical state |
firmly |
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| solubility |
bad in water |
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| As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Ellagic acid (English: Ellagic acid ) is a polyphenol . It forms creamy to light yellow colored crystals . As with other polyphenols, ellagic acid has been shown to have a cancer-preventing effect in some animal models and human cell cultures.
Ellagic acid has an antioxidant effect, among other things .
Occurrence
The highest levels of ellagic acid are found in raspberries, strawberries and pomegranates (also in the leaves and seeds). As part of Ellagtanninen , also called ellagitannins, ellagic acid is found in significant concentrations up to 1% in many plants and trees. Mention may continue blackberries , walnuts , berries of Commons Wolfberry and various other fruits and nuts. It is found together with gallic acid in the rose family .
Through acid hydrolysis , the ellagic tannin breaks down into ellagic acid, among other things. Such conditions prevail e.g. B. in the gastrointestinal tract . Free ellagic acid in red wine comes largely from the wood phenols in oak . Here, the concentration of unbound acid serves as an indicator for the development of a wine in a barrique barrel; it is also found in increased concentration in whiskey .
use
Ellagic acid has recently been available as a dietary supplement in the form of capsules, as a powder or in liquid form. Dosage recommendations are still unknown. Because of their herbal origin, they are classified as safe by the US Drug Administration. Suppliers of these dietary supplements do not need to prove their effectiveness or safety unless they claim that ellagic acid cures a particular disease.
etymology
Henri Braconnot gave the acid its name by reversing the word bile (alluding to gallic acid).
literature
- Stoner, GD and Mukhtar, H .: (1995): Polyphenols as cancer chemopreventive agents . In: J Cell Biochem Suppl. 22 ; Pp. 169-180; PMID 8538195 .
- Mertens-Talcott, SU. and Percival, SS. (2005): Ellagic acid and quercetin interact synergistically with resveratrol in the induction of apoptosis and cause transient cell cycle arrest in human leukemia cells . In: Cancer Lett . 218 (2); Pp. 141-152; PMID 15670891 .
- Berzelius, JJ (1837): Textbook of Chemistry. Translated from the Swedish handwriting of the author by F. Wöhler . Ellagic acid: Volume 6, pp. 242ff.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b data sheet ellagic acid (PDF) from Carl Roth , accessed on December 14, 2010.
- ↑ a b Ellagic acid data sheet from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on March 29, 2011 ( PDF ).
