Embraer EMB 312
| Embraer EMB 312 | |
|---|---|
|
|
| Type: |
Trainer aircraft T-27 attack aircraft A-27 |
| Design country: | |
| Manufacturer: | |
| First flight: |
August 16, 1980 |
| Commissioning: |
1983 |
| Number of pieces: |
~ 650 |
The Embraer EMB 312 Tucano was designed as a basic trainer and light low attack aircraft by the Brazilian company Embraer . It is a two - seat low- wing aircraft with trapezoidal wings, retractable landing gear and an air-conditioned cabin.
history
Development of this aircraft began in January 1978 after the Brazilian government placed an order on December 6, 1977 for the development and manufacture of flying prototypes and two cells for load tests. It was supposed to replace the Neiva T-25 Universal, MB.326 Xavante and other jet aircraft used up until then (after basic training on the Aerotec T-23 Uirapuru) . Therefore the main requirement was that the flight behavior should correspond to that of a jet trainer. The first flight of the EMB 312 took place on August 16, 1980 with Colonel Luiz Fernando Cabral and Gilberto Hideo Otaka on board, the second prototype took off for the first time on December 10, 1980. From 1981 the machine was called Tucano . The first production machine had its maiden flight on August 16, 1982, after one of the two prototypes had crashed shortly before (August 10, 1982). The delivery to the customer (the Air Force Academy in Sao Paulo) began in September 1983. In July 2004 the machine reached its one millionth flight hour.
Technology and commitment
The two-seat machine is powered by a Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-25C propeller turbine with 750 WPS. The engine power and the blade position of the Hartzell propellers are controlled with a single lever. The machine is equipped with a generously glazed cockpit and Martin-Baker -Mk.8- ejection seats. The three-part chassis, each with single tires, is completely retractable.
The machine can carry up to 1000 kg external loads for training or as a low-attack aircraft, so it can be armed with 2 MG canisters 12.7 mm with 350 or 500 rounds each. It can also carry 4 containers with 7 rockets each 37 mm or 70 mm rockets. Alternatively, it can be equipped with 4 Mk-81 bombs weighing 113 kg each. The version for the AAF, Afghan Air Force can also use laser-guided precision bombs of the type GBU-58.
The Brazilian Air Force had ordered 168 of these machines. She flies this machine under the designation T-27 (trainer) and A-27 (trainer and light attack aircraft). Later versions were also produced for the French armed forces . The Royal Air Force selected this trainer in March and had it (about 130 pieces) manufactured under license at Shorts (as Short Tucano T1 ) in Belfast as a replacement for the Provost. However, the machine was equipped with the more powerful Garret TPE331-12B engines with 820 kW power and four-blade propellers. Other customers of the EMB 312 include the Egyptian Air Force (~ 50), Iraq (~ 80), Iran (~ 20), Argentina, Honduras, Peru, Colombia and other Latin American countries.
In mid-1990 France ordered 80 EMB 312F with French electronic elements and an air brake under the fuselage, which were delivered from 1993. During the same period, a 1.37 m longer version called the EMB 312H Super Tucano was presented, the prototype of which flew for the first time on September 9, 1991. This was equipped with a P&W Canada PT6A-68 / I with 1193 kW of power and a five-bladed propeller. In addition, avionics, ejection seats and other components were changed. From these machines, the EMB 314 Super Tucano was developed for the American JPATS competition, the first of the two prototypes of which took off for its maiden flight on May 15, 1993. The two prototypes were powered by a PWC PT6A-68-5 with 932 kW.
Calls
On March 22, 2018, the Afghan Air Force deployed an EMB 314 A-29 equipped with a GBU-58 for the first time.
Military users
-
Egypt : 40 produced under license by Helwan
-
Angola : 8 + 6 from Peru -
Argentina : 30 -
Brazil : 118 T-27 + 50 AT-27 -
France : 50 -
Honduras : 12 -
Iraq : 80 copies produced by Helwan -
Iran : 50 -
Colombia : 14 -
Mauritania : 4 ex France -
Paraguay : 6 -
Peru : 30 (6 to Angola) -
Venezuela : 32
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Technical specifications
| Parameter | Data |
|---|---|
| length | 9.89 m |
| span | 11.14 m |
| height | 3.40 m |
| Empty mass | 1810 kg |
| Maximum take-off mass | 2350 kg |
| Maximum speed | 486 km / h at an altitude of 3,000 m |
| Maximum rate of climb | 11.3 m / s |
| Summit height | 9144 m |
| Range with 30 min. Reserve | 2,110 km |
| drive | a P&W Canada PT6A-25C with 559 kW power |
| Armament | Up to 1000 kg external loads such as: 2 MG containers 12.7 mm, 4 containers each with 7 missiles 37 mm or 70 mm missiles or 4 bombs of the type Mk-81 weighing 113 kg each |
See also
Web links
- Flugzeuginfo.net: EMBRAER EMB 312 Tucano
- JetFotos.net: Photos of the EMB 312 Tucano
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b AAF drops 1st laser-guided bomb on Taliban. Retrieved March 28, 2018 .
- ↑ FliegerRevue April 2009, pp. 36–40, Embraer Tucano / Super Tucano