Emden herring fishery
The Emder Heringsfischerei AG was a logger fishery . It was founded in 1872, entered in the Bremerhaven commercial register in 1969 , liquidated in 1975 and deleted from the Bremerhaven commercial register in 1976.
Foundation (1872)
The results of the Dutch logger fishery were presented and discussed at a conference of the German Fisheries Association in Emden . One of the consequences was the establishment of Emder Heringsfischerei AG, with the aim of making herring fishing at home in Emden again. The use of the Dutch logger were provided as a type of ship as well as from cotton existing getaanten driftnets the Dutch. Therefore, the necessary materials, the loggers, nets and some of the logger crews were taken over from Holland . The company received the necessary waterfront property from the city of Emden in return for a long lease, the buildings for processing, the net sheds and a pier were built here. In 1872 six wooden sailing loggers set out for fishing, and another six were ordered. It is reported in that the first fishing vessel caught 113 tons of herrings .
Operational community
When the Dollart herring fishery was founded in 1899, the Emden herring fishery made a significant financial contribution and was also heavily involved in terms of personnel. Both companies were brought into a joint venture. This was also the procedure for the Great Elector Herring Fishery , founded in 1904 . The joint venture was headed by a central board.
After the introduction of the steam logger - they were actually sailing loggers with auxiliary steam propulsion - seven steam loggers were procured up to the First World War . An important advantage was the coal- fired steam boiler , which supplied the steam engine to drive the propeller and the winch (steam capstan ) when hauling in the huge, up to 3.5 km long nets known as canals . At the beginning of the First World War, the Emden herring fishery owned a total of 32 loggers.
After the First World War (1919)
When, after the war, the first steam loggers went out to catch herring again in 1919, most of the wooden sailing loggers had been sold. The remaining 9 sailing loggers could only be manned later due to a lack of crews and sailed out to catch. As before the First World War, society found it difficult to earn dividends. Nevertheless, in 1931, together with the other herring fishing companies from Emden, the herring loggers from the bankrupt Glückstadt herring fishery were taken over. Eight newly built motor loggers could be acquired around 1930 with the help of the state from the new construction program especially for loggers. At the beginning of the Second World War , the list of ships recorded 13 motor loggers, 8 steam loggers and 2 motor ships with insulated holds that were suitable for catching fresh fish. Two ships were under construction and were still being modified for the needs of the Kriegsmarine.
After the Second World War (1945)
In 1945 the first loggers went out to catch again, although buildings and facilities were badly damaged by bombing. New loggers came into the existing fleet from 1950, they were highly motorized combined loggers that could fish both with the drift net and with the trawl . For this reason, the holds were also insulated and were cooled with ice from January to May when fresh fish were caught. The motor loggers taken over in the mid-1950s had around 800 hp and space for 1400 kantjes . From 1957 there was also close cooperation with the empty herring fishery .
Liquidation of the Emden herring fishery
Nevertheless, from the mid-1950s onwards it became increasingly difficult for society to find good fishing grounds in traditional sailing areas. The loggers came back more and more often with only partially filled holds. Together with the other companies and government agencies, new, more distant fishing grounds off Greenland and Newfoundland were visited. However, the considerably longer journeys that resulted in the fact that the ships remained in the fishing area and the fish and equipment had to be transported by freighters . The losses during this period meant that the loans could no longer be serviced and ended in 1968 with the sale of the company property. The transfer of the Emden herring fisheries and the shipping company Schulte & Bruns to the state of Bremen (in the Bremerhaven commercial register ) only resulted in a short delay, because the loans granted in return by the state of Bremen did nothing to change the structural crisis. In 1976 the Emden herring fishery was deleted from the Bremerhaven commercial register.
literature
- Eilerich Bloem: Hey, hiev up! For herring catch in the North Sea. Schuster, Leer 1998, ISBN 3-7963-0336-6 .
- Dieter Finnern: Knowledge store, fishing expertise . 2nd, revised and supplemented edition. Transpress, Berlin 1989, ISBN 3-344-00359-3 .
- Gerhard Köhn: Sea thrown & sea salted. Logger fishing off the German North Sea coast. As a reminder. to the Glückstadt herring fishery founded 100 years ago. Mocker & Jahn, Soest 1994, ISBN 3-87902-800-1 .
- Jens Rösemann: Kok-in-Ruum on the herring logger. A youth at sea or the pursuit of perfection. Johann Heinrich Döll, Bremen 1996, ISBN 3-88808-227-7 .
Web links
- Early documents and newspaper articles on the Emden herring fishery in the 20th century press kit of the ZBW - Leibniz Information Center for Economics .