Erbländischer Taler
The 1658-1680 in mint Dresden under Elector Johann Georg II. (1656-1680) coined called Erbländische Taler and its Halbtaler are electoral Saxon thaler coins that are not usually the elector as in armor but in Kurornat, so with ermine cloak and electoral hat show . However, this met with resistance from the estates of both Lusatia and led to the fact that thalers of the same value were also minted according to old tradition.
Coin history
According to Julius and Albert Erbstein, "the coinage under Elector Johann Georgs II. Offers the strange appearance that [...] before the end of the first decade [of the government] two Reichsthaler and half-thaler coins, which are completely different with regard to the obverse , take place [...] . "
Since Saxony's accession to the imperial coinage system in 1571, the usual depiction of the Saxon elector on taler coins has been his hip image with armor and court sword . Already in 1612 the father of Johann Georg II had himself depicted on his vicariate coins for the sake of representation, as vicar of the Holy Roman Empire , in the curatorship. Based on this, Johann Georg II also had taler coins minted in 1658, which show him with a Kurhut, coat and Kurschwert. With this, however, he encountered resistance from the estates of Upper and Lower Lusatia , who had become his fiefs since the traditional Prague recession of 1635 . The Saxon electors were only allowed to rule them as margraves , not as electors. The estates were careful to ensure that the Wettin personal union between Saxony and the Lusatia did not become an annexation. On the other hand, Johann Georg II as well as his successors were always careful to be in agreement with the estates of Upper and Lower Lusatia and to respect the privileges of the margraviate . As electoral prince, he had been governor of Upper Lusatia long enough to know his Lusatians and how far they could go. He therefore had two taler coins produced from 1665 onwards. The second new thaler no longer shows the elector in the elector's regalia, but as a national character for his entire state in the old tradition in a hip image with armor and court sword.
Thaler names and minting time
For the first time, the Erbstein brothers introduced the terms Erbländischer Taler and Gesamttaler for the talers minted side by side with different coin designs:
" Madai’s Thalerkabinet and our Saxon catalogs [...] remember this difference in the description of the coinage, none of them and, it seems, no one at all has tried to answer the question, such as the fact of a long-lasting co-coinage of two different thalers of the same value is to be explained. The fact that Johann Georg II had himself depicted as elector on the Thalern during his first years of reign will have aroused offense in the Lausitz region, [...] which saw Johann Georg II [...] only as the margrave, [...] . So from the time when the two types of Thalers appear next to each other, we would be able to speak of a hereditary thaler and of a total thaler intended for the hereditary lands as well as for the Lausitzes […]. Of the Gesammtthalern [...] specimens already exist with the year 1664 [...], but it remains [...] questionable whether the introduction of these new Thaler [...] will not take place until 1665 and the Gesammtthaler from 1664 only one A hermaphrodite coin was created through subsequent erroneous use of the stamp on the back of a thaler from 1664, which was previously minted alone, with the stamp on the front of the new Thalers variety. "
It is very likely that the minting of the total thalers began in 1665 parallel to the Erbländische thaler, since the Dresden Münzkabinett contains gold shots from this year. The test pieces, also known as first strikes , were generally made before regular minting began. Total thalers with the year 1664 would therefore be extremely rare Zwittertaler from 1665, in which a reverse stamp of the Erbländischer Taler from 1664 was combined with the front stamp of the new general thaler.
With the death of Johann Georg II the minting of the Erbländische Taler ended. The successors of Johann Georg II did not have any more coins of this type produced.
Coin description
The front of the Erbländische Taler bears the bust of Johann Georg II in a spa coat with a spa sword on his shoulder and the spa hat lying on a small table in front of him. Above the head of the imperial orb and the beginning of part of its title inscription . On the reverse the continuation of his title and the eight-fold helmeted coat of arms of Electoral Saxony with 21 fields with a central shield , the year and the mint master's mark Eichel as well as the initial letters C – R of the Dresden mint master Constantin Rothe. In 1678 the first Erbländische Taler of the new Dresden mint master Christoph Fischer appeared with the mint master mark C – F and two fish with their backs turned against each other. (See also: Mint Dresden / Mint Master of the Mint Dresden )
It differs from the total thaler only in that the elector is depicted in the cure vestment and not in armor. The diameter of the thaler is around 46 mm. Because of its large diameter, it is also known as the “ wide thaler ”.
The half Erbland thaler, minted only from 1658 to 1665, corresponds to the coin image on the obverse of the whole thaler. The back shows the simplified coat of arms of Electoral Saxony. Double thalers from the stamp of the Erbländisches Taler are also known.
Transcription
IOHAN (nes). GEORG (ius). II. D (ei). G (ratia). DUX. SAX (oniae). I (uliaci). CL (iviae). ET. MONT (ium). // SAC (ri). ROM (ani). IMP (erii). ARCHIM (arschallus). ET. ELECT (or).
- Translation: Johann Georg II., By the grace of God Duke of Saxony , Jülich , Cleve and Berg , Archmarschall and Elector of the Holy Roman Empire .
Expression in the Reichsmünzfuß
Extract from the table according to Arnold / Schwinkowski
The Erbländische Taler are Reichstaler that were minted after the Reichsmünzfuß .
| Nominal | Value in pennies | Piece / mixed mark | g / Mixed Mark | Pieces / mark fine silver | g / mark fine silver | Fineness (Lot, Grän = 0/00) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reichstaler | 24 | 8th | 29.23 | 9 | 25.98 | 14 Lot , 4 Grän = 888.89 ‰ |
| ½ Reichstaler | 12 | 16 | 14.62 | 18th | 12.99 | 14 Lot, 4 Grän = 888.89 ‰ |
From 1667, coins were minted according to the Treaty of Zinna . The Reichstaler, also known as the Erbländische Taler, were then called Speciesreichstaler and had an increased value of 28 groschen . These thalers continued to be struck in the Reichsmünzfuß.
See also
- Saxon coin history
- Change thaler Johann Georgs II.
- Taler for the award of the Order of the Garter and for the St. George Festival of Johann Georg II.
literature
- Walther Haupt : Sächsische Münzkunde , Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften, Berlin 1974
- Paul Arnold: The Saxon Thaler Currency from 1500 to 1763 , Swiss Numismatic Review, Volume 59, 1980
- Julius Erbstein , Albert Erbstein : Discussions in the field of the Saxon coin and medal history when listing the Hofrath Engelhardt'schen collection , Dresden 1888
- Heinz Fengler, Gerd Gierow, Willy Unger: transpress Lexikon Numismatics , Berlin 1976
- Christian A. Kohl: Tal parts of the Electorate of Saxony, type catalog Albertinische Linie 1547–1763 , Leipzig 1994
- N. Douglas Nicol: Standard Catalog of German Coins 1601 to Present , 1995
Individual evidence
- ↑ Julius Erbstein, Albert Erbstein: Discussions in the field of the Saxon coin and medal history ..., p. 223
- ^ N. Douglas Nicol: Standard Catalog of German Coins ... p. 743
- ^ Julius Erbstein, Albert Erbstein: Discussions in the field of the Saxon coin and medal history ..., p. 221
- ^ Paul Arnold: The Saxon Thaler Currency from 1500 to 1763 ..., p. 83
- ↑ Walther Haupt: Sächsische Münzkunde ..., p. 163
- ^ Paul Arnold: The Saxon Thaler Currency from 1500 to 1763 ..., p. 84
- ↑ Walther Haupt: Sächsische Münzkunde ..., p. 163: The impetus was given when the sovereign shows himself only as elector on the talers.
- ↑ Walther Haupt: Sächsische Münzkunde …, p. 164: In order to protect the sensitivity of his Lusatian estates, he had a helmet and armor adorned on part of his thalers.
- ^ Paul Arnold: The Saxon Thaler Currency from 1500 to 1763 ..., p. 84
- ↑ Julius Erbstein, Albert Erbstein: Discussions in the field of the Saxon coin and medal history ..., p. 222
- ↑ Julius Erbstein, Albert Erbstein: Discussions in the field of the Saxon coin and medal history ..., p. 223
- ↑ Walther Haupt: Sächsische Münzkunde ..., p. 164
- ↑ Julius Erbstein, Albert Erbstein: Discussions in the field of the Saxon coin and medal history ..., p. 232, no. 931
- ↑ Heinz Fengler,…: transpress Lexikon Numismatik …, p. 47: Numismatic term for talers whose diameter is larger than that of the normal type.
- ↑ Walther Haupt: Sächsische Münzkunde ..., p. 237
- ↑ Christian A. Kohl: Taler sections of the Electorate of Saxony, the type catalog ..., p 99
- ↑ acsearch: Johann Georg II, half Erbländischer Taler 1661 (here only referred to as half thaler)
- ↑ Julius Erbstein, Albert Erbstein: Discussions in the field of the Saxon coin and medal history ..., p. 231, no. 952
- ^ Paul Arnold: The Saxon Thaler Currency from 1500 to 1763 ..., p. 71, note 45, W. Schwinkowski
- ^ Paul Arnold: The Saxon Thaler Currency from 1500 to 1763 ..., p. 80/82