Ernst Hermann Riesenfeld

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Ernst Hermann Riesenfeld (born October 25, 1877 in Brieg ; † May 19, 1957 in Stockholm ) was a German - Swedish physical chemist .

Life

Riesenfeld was the son of the medical council Dr. Emanuel Riesenfeld was born and attended schools in Brzeg. After his family moved to Breslau , he went to the humanistic König-Wilhelms Gymnasium, which he left in 1897. He studied natural sciences at the universities of Heidelberg and from 1899 Göttingen . In Göttingen he mainly dealt with physical chemistry and received his doctorate with his thesis “About electrolytic phenomena and electromotive forces at the interface between two solvents”. The doctoral thesis was worked on under the guidance of Walther Nernst and has gone down in the history of electrochemistry and physical chemistry as a pioneering achievement in the field of electrochemistry at interfaces between immiscible liquids (electrochemistry at the interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions ( ITIES )). The determination of the free enthalpy of the transfer of ions between immiscible liquids made possible by this is of great importance for biology , physiology , pharmacy and for extraction processes in technical chemistry , because it allows the hydrophilicity of the ions to be quantified. Together with Nernst, Riesenfeld developed a highly sensitive torsion balance (rotating balance), which became known as the " Nernst balance ".

In 1913 Riesenfeld was appointed professor in Freiburg im Breisgau and in 1920 he became professor at the Friedrich Wilhelm University in Berlin . Because of his Jewish origins, he lost his position during the Nazi era and went to Sweden in 1934, where he worked at the Nobel Institute for Physical Chemistry until 1952 . During this time he mainly researched the thermal formation of ozone at high temperatures. Riesenfeld has written a well-known textbook and an internship book on inorganic chemistry , both of which have appeared in several editions and have been translated into different languages.

family

Riesenfeld married Johanna (Hanna) Johansson (1878–1964), the sister of Maria Johansson (1871–1957), Svante Arrhenius' second wife in 1911 . They had three children:

  • Ernst Harald (1913–2008), Professor of Theology (New Testament) at the University of Uppsala ⚭ 1944 Blenda Hedin (1913–2008)
  • Hans Erik (1914–2001), pediatrician
  • Anna Karin (1920–1992), language teacher

bibliography

  • Ernst H. Riesenfeld (1901) About electrolytic phenomena and electromotive forces at the interface between two solvents. Dieterich'sche Universitäts-Buchdruckerei, Göttingen
  • EH Riesenfeld (1901) About electrolytic phenomena and electromotive forces at the interface between two solvents . Zeitschrift für Elektrochemie 7: 645-648, doi : 10.1002 / bbpc.19010074706 .
  • Walther Nernst, Ernst H. Riesenfeld (1901) About electrolytic phenomena at the interface between two solvents . News of the Royal Society of Sciences in Göttingen, No. 1, 54-61.
  • Ernst H. Riesenfeld (1902) On the molecular state of potassium iodide in phenol . Journal of Physical Chemistry 41: 346-352
  • Walther Nernst, Ernst H. Riesenfield (1902) About electrolytic phenomena at the interface of two solvents , Annalen der Physik 313: 600-608, doi : 10.1002 / andp.19023130707 .
  • Ernst H. Riesenfeld (1902) Determination of the conversion number of some salts into phenol , Annalen der Physik 313: 609–615, doi : 10.1002 / andp.19023130708 .
  • Ernst H. Riesenfeld (1902) Concentration chains with immiscible solvents , Annalen der Physik 313: 616–624, doi : 10.1002 / andp.19023130709 .
  • Walther Nernst, Ernst H. Riesenfeld (1903) on quantitative weight analysis with very small amounts of substance , Chemical Reports 36: 2086-2093, doi : 10.1002 / cber.190303602126 .
  • Ernst H. Riesenfeld (1931) Svante Arrhenius . Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft, Leipzig, doi : 10.1002 / bbpc.19320380322 (currently unavailable) .
  • Ernst H. Riesenfeld (1924) Walter Nernst on his sixtieth birthday . Angewandte Chemie 37: 437-439, doi : 10.1002 / anie.19240372702 .
  • Ernst H. Riesenfeld (1934) Textbook of Inorganic Chemistry . S. Hirzel Verlag, Leipzig; 2nd edition F. Deuticke Verlag, Vienna 1939; 3rd edition Rascher Verlag, Zurich 1943, 4th edition S. Hirzel Verlag Leipzig 1946, 5th edition Rascher Verlag, Zurich 1950; Spanish edition (1942, 1950) Tratado de quimica inorganica. Manuel Marin Editor, Barcelona
  • Ernst H. Riesenfeld (1910) Inorganic-chemical internship . Qualitative analysis and inorganic preparations (17th edition Rascher Verlag, Zurich 1956); Spanish editions: (1928, 1943, 1950) Practicas de quimica inorganica. Analisis cualitativo y preparaciones inorganicas. Editorial Labor, Barcelona; French editions: (1940) Manuel Pratique De Chimie Minerale (Analyze Qualitative et Preparations) Dunod, Paris
  • Ernst H. Riesenfeld, M. Beja (1923) On the thermal formation of ozone , Meddelanden från Kungliga Vetenskapsakademiens Nobel Institute, 6, 1–20
  • Ernst H. Riesenfeld and M. Beja (1924) About the thermal formation of ozone , Zeitschrift für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie, 133, 245–262, doi : 10.1002 / zaac.19241330124 .
  • Ernst H. Riesenfeld (1939) The thermal dissociation of oxygen , Journal of Inorganic and General Chemistry, 242, 47-48, doi : 10.1002 / zaac.19392420105 .
  • Ernst H. Riesenfeld (1925) On the formation of ozone in glowing capillaries , Zeitschrift für Elektrochemie, 31, 435–440, doi : 10.1002 / bbpc.19250310816 (currently not available)
  • Ernst H. Riesenfeld (1924) About the formation of ozone and hydrogen peroxide in the oxyhydrogen flame , Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie, 110, 801–807
  • Ernst H. Riesenfeld (1929) The formation and decomposition of ozone , Zeitschrift für Angewandte Chemie, 42, 729-734

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Fritz Scholz (2008) Riesenfeld, Ernst Hermann, in Electrochemical Dictionary, 1st ed., Springer , Berlin, p. 587.
  2. ^ Jiři Koryta (1987) Electrolysis at the Interface Between Two Immiscible Electrolyte Solutions. In: The Interface Structure and ElectrochemicaL Processes at the Boundary Between Two Immiscible Liquids. Vladimir E. Kazarinov (edt.), Springer, Berlin, 3–10.
  3. ↑ Petr Vanýsek (1985) Electrochemistry on Liquid / Liquid Interfaces. Springer, Berlin.
  4. ↑ Fritz Scholz (2006) Recent Advances in the Electrochemistry of Ion Transfer Processes at Liquid-Liquid Interfaces, Annual Reports on the Progress of Chemistry, Section C 102: 43-70.
  5. ^ Mordecai B. Rubin (2007) The history of ozone. V. Formation of ozone from oxygen at high temperatures (1), Bulletin of the History of Chemistry , 32 (No. 1): 45-56.
personal data
SURNAME Riesenfeld, Ernst Hermann
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German-Swedish chemist
DATE OF BIRTH October 25, 1877
PLACE OF BIRTH Brieg
DATE OF DEATH May 19, 1957
Place of death Stockholm