Ernst Schaffnit

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Ernst (Johannes Martin Christian Otto) Schaffnit (born January 10, 1878 in Messel , † August 29, 1964 in Neckargemünd ) was a German phytomedicist .

Live and act

Ernst Schaffnit studied pharmacy at the University of Erlangen and passed his pharmaceutical state examination there in 1903. In Erlangen he received his doctorate two years later with a dissertation “Contributions to the anatomy of the acanthacea”. From 1907 he worked as a research assistant at the plant diseases department of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Agriculture in Bromberg . In 1914 he was appointed head of the plant protection department at the Agricultural Academy in Bonn-Poppelsdorf , where he received the Venia legendi for plant diseases for the summer semester of 1914 . First as a private lecturer , since 1918 as an adjunct professor and since 1921 as a full professor, he taught at the Agricultural University of Bonn-Poppelsdorf. In 1927 he founded the first independent university institute for plant diseases in Germany and took over its management. In 1934 he had to resign from office for political reasons. In 1946 he was recalled to the University of Bonn. Until his retirement in 1948, he again headed the institute he founded.

Schaffnit mainly worked on the interrelationships between cultivated plants, their parasites and the environment , as well as on plant virus diseases . Although his research interests were primarily in basic research, he maintained close contacts with agricultural practice, especially through pamphlets and lectures. Under his aegis, the first crop protection technicians in Germany were trained and deployed in practice.

Noteworthy for the history of European agriculture is his book “The Agricultural Conditions of Romania” (1921), in which, among other things, he describes in detail the plant cultivation techniques customary in the country at the time. His memoirs, published in 1957 under the title “Experienced, strived for and achieved”, are an important document both for the history of phytomedicine and for the history of the agricultural faculty at the University of Bonn.

Schaffnit was a member of the Corps Agraria Bonn.

Honors

Fonts (selection)

  • The snow mold and the rest by Fusarium nivale Ces. caused disease symptoms in the grain . Publishing house Paul Parey Berlin 1912.
  • The agricultural conditions of Romania . Publishing house M. & H. Schaper Hannover 1921.
  • The new Institute for Plant Diseases at the Agricultural University of Bonn-Poppelsdorf (several articles). Verlag G. Fischer Jena 1927 = Research in the field of plant diseases and immunity in the plant kingdom H. 4.
  • Experienced, strived for and achieved. At the same time a contribution to the chronicle of the University of Bonn and the history of the Institute for Plant Diseases . Verlag Röhrscheid Bonn 1957.

literature

  • K. Böning: Professor Dr. Work for 75 years . In: News sheet of the German Plant Protection Service . Volume 5, 1953, pp. 31–32 (with picture).
  • Hans Braun: History of Phytomedicine in Bonn . In: 150 Years of the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Bonn 1818–1968. Bonn scholars. Contributions to the history of science in Bonn. Agricultural Sciences. Bouvier Verlag and Ludwig Röhrscheid Verlag, Bonn 1971, pp. 143–147.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Erwin Willmann (Ed.): Directory of the old Rudolstädter Corps students. (AH. List of the RSC.) , 1928 edition, No. 4126
personal data
SURNAME Schaffnit, Ernst
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schaffnit, Ernst Johannes Martin Christian Otto (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German phytomedicist
DATE OF BIRTH January 10, 1878
PLACE OF BIRTH Messel
DATE OF DEATH August 29, 1964
Place of death Neckargemünd