Extended concept of art
The extended concept of art is a central concept from the art theory and social philosophy of Joseph Beuys . With this term, Beuys tried to expand thinking , recognition and discussion about what art is. Based on the idea that everyone is an artist and can thus produce art, Beuys used this term to include in particular the creativity of people who, working together , could produce "social art" in the form of social sculpture that would change the world and society .
history
The extended concept of art developed the concept of the total work of art and is influenced by the avant-garde of the 20th century , in particular by the art movement Fluxus , as well as by social and political discourses of the 1968 movement . With the expansion of the concept of art, which was decisively initiated at the beginning of the 20th century by the objet trouvé and accelerated in the 1960s, radically new ideas about the roles of the artist, his material and the audience came into play. New artistic practices were developed with a view to processes of perception and communication . The increasing desire of the artists for direct contact with the recipient changed the traditional concept of the work , which understood the work of art as a completed object or product. For example, a situation ( installation , environment , staging ), an interaction ( performance , action art ), a concept , a process ( happening ), an institution , a politics and a social order are all forms that are understood as works of art according to the expanded concept of art can.
Artistically, Beuys implemented his conception, which was inspired by Rudolf Steiner's anthroposophical conception of a “ social organism ” and was intended to pave the way for the development of “anthropological art”, in various projects and actions, for example in the performance of how to paint the dead rabbit declared (1965), in the organization for direct democracy through referendum (1971), in the Free International University (1973) as well as in the projects honey pump at work (1977) and 7000 oaks - urban forest instead of city administration (1982).
Quote
“From the point of view of epistemology, I think it is important to speak of a work of art because it is a form. If one has come to the result that communication between people can only be achieved in general through the work of art of thinking and language - provided, as always, that one comes to this anthropological point where thinking is already a creation and a work of art, So a plastic process and capable of producing a certain shape, even if it is just a sound wave that reaches the other's ear - so if I write that down now, there is a shape in the world that is undoubtedly made by humans . "
See also
literature
- Rainer Rappmann , Peter Schata, Volker Harlan: Social plastic. Materials for Joseph Beuys . Achberger Verlagsanstalt, Achberg 1976, ISBN 978-3-88103-065-6 , p. 100.
- Knut Fischer, Walter Smerling: Joseph Beuys in conversation with Knut Fischer and Walter Smerling . Publication series Kunst heute , issue 1, Kiepenheuer & Witsch publishing house, Cologne 1989, p. 47.
- Johannes Stüttgen : Time congestion. In the force field of Joseph Beuys' expanded concept of art. Seven lectures in the year Joseph Beuys died . 2nd, improved edition. FIU-Verlag, Wangen 1998, ISBN 3-928780-04-2 .
- Anita Moser: The art of crossing borders. Postcolonial criticism in the field of tension between aesthetics and politics . transcript Verlag, Bielefeld 2011, ISBN 978-3-8376-1663-7 , p. 15 ff.
- Susanne Posselt: Reflection on educational theories in the context of art and education . Diplomica Verlag, Hamburg 2013, ISBN 978-3-8428-4464-3 , p. 35 ff.
- Jan Ulrich Hasecke: Social sculpture. The art of the commons: An essay on the 30th anniversary of Joseph Beuys' death. Self-published, Solingen 2016, ISBN 978-1523458769
Web links
- The mysteries take place in the main train station . Interview by Peter Brügge with Joseph Beuys in the portal spiegel.de ( Der Spiegel , No. 23/1984 of June 4, 1984)
- Joseph Beuys - On the expanded concept of art (excerpt from the lecture "Active Neutrality - Overcoming Capitalism and Communism" on January 20, 1985 in Rorschach / Switzerland) , video on the YouTube portal(6:35 min)
- The Beuys term . In: Andreas Theile (2001): Intervening artistic practice using the example of “social sculpture” , p. 3 ff. , PDF in the portal kulturprodukt-halle.de
- Rudolf Schmitz: Overload as a principle. Joseph Beuys broke the boundaries of the art world . Article from January 23, 2006 in the portal deutschlandfunk.de