Eschenau (Vellberg)
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Eschenau
City of Vellberg
Coordinates: 49 ° 4 '58 " N , 9 ° 53' 43" E
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| Height : | 350 (345-370) m |
| Residents : | 100 |
| Postal code : | 74541 |
| Area code : | 07907 |
Eschenau is a district of the town of Vellberg in the Schwäbisch Hall district in Baden-Württemberg .
geography
location
Eschenau is a good one kilometer east-southeast of the center of Vellberg on an east loop in the Bühler valley . The river previously flows from the Taubenloch at the confluence of the Vellberger Steinbach to the northeast through a narrow valley a little over half a kilometer long, only a hundred meters wide and accompanied by rock faces in the Upper Muschelkalk , in which the hamlet's former sawmill is located. Then he enters a significantly wider and shallow valley basin on the right, which has been cleared from the east by two sloping streams less than 300 m long. Most of the place, including the mentioned old sawmill still in the narrow valley, is to the right of the river, which is spanned at its bend by an old and narrow stone arch bridge of the L 1064 Vellberg – Frankenhardt –Gründelhardt. Down the valley after the river turn, the lower former grinding mill property follows on the left bank a good 100 m west of the bridge.
Eschenau is crossed only by the L 1064 and opened up the village area in a steep and narrow S-curve the little ball to Lanzenbach over climbs valley, located at a distance of about half a kilometer south side of La Petite-Berg ( 395.4 m above sea level . NN ) moves to Bühler. Over the eastern slope of the valley lies a 420 m high plowed plain, the southern foothills of the up to 453.1 m above sea level. NN high Vellberger Schlegelsberg just under a kilometer north of the hamlet over a wooded upper slope.
The next settlements in the area are
- the central Vellberg of the "town" (fortress) about one - on the road running over the sand dump one and a half - kilometers to the north-west
- the Vellberger housing development Dürr Ching on a Südsporn over the next Buhler noose about 700 meters west-northwest, accessible only through a closed to general traffic walkways
- the Vellberg hamlet Schneckenweiler in the Lanzenbachtal is less than one and a half kilometers east-northeast
- the Vellberg hamlet Merkelbach less than one and a half kilometers east of the K 2619 branching off from the L 1046 to Untersontheim (to Obersontheim ) in the south, also in the Lanzenbachtal
- the Vellberger suburb of Talheim about one and a half kilometers north-northwest across the high Schlegelsberg in the Aalenbach valley; without direct road connection
- the Obersontheim hamlet Ummenhofen about one and a half kilometers in the southwest beyond the Bühler, also without a direct road connection
history
The settlement was first mentioned in a document in 1342, on the occasion of a donation from Konrad von Vellberg to the Stöckenburg . In 1383 the grinding mill appears in a document. As a result, the Lords of Vellberg acquired a lot of land in Eschenau, which, along with Vellberg , went to Schwäbisch Hall in 1595 ; until 1803 it was an independent parish in the Hall of Vellberg . Then it belonged to Untersontheim with Merkelbach and Schneckenweiler until 1875 , then again to Vellberg. Construction of the second grinding and sawmill in 1798, the stone arch bridge still standing today in 1817 and 1840. Electricity connection since 1912, sewerage with sewage treatment plant connection only in 1995. In the former sawmill, a turbine is now running to generate electricity.
Eschenau has hardly developed beyond the old core of the settlement; There are few new buildings downstream of the bridge in the comparatively wide right valley floodplain of the Bühler. The population has decreased from around 120 to 102 in the last 150 years.
Geology and quarries
About half a kilometer south of the village on the other side of the Lützelberg , on both sides of the lower Lanzenbach, there is a large quarry in the Upper Muschelkalk , which borders to the northeast as far as the so-called Vellberger Fault , whose northeastern deep clod forms Gipskeuper ( grave field formation ) against Upper Muschelkalk. The fault is exposed in the quarry. The the shell lying directly under Keuper is rich in fossils.
West of the village on the L 1064 road in the direction of Vellberg, there is a smaller, abandoned quarry on the left slope, also in the Upper Muschelkalk. On the eastern slope there are remains of an old gypsum quarry in the Gipskeuper at about the same height. Fresh and washed-out chunks of plaster can be found at the incision of the nearby older village path.
nature
In the quiet valley of the Bühler between the Taubenloch and the sawmill, grass snakes can be found in the meadow in summer . A hiking trail here leads from the upper Bühlertal on an old concrete footbridge over the river and through Eschenau and Vellberg further into the lower valley. Less than half a kilometer below the hamlet, the river turns back to the south-west and enters another narrow valley that is difficult to access from this side (steep slopes on both sides , old mill canal at the foot of a slope), which is high up to the side with forest.
The Bühleraue and the slopes up to the upper edge are, with the exception of the immediate local area and near the mills, part of the Lower Bühlertal nature reserve . It is also part of the FFH area Bühlertal Vellberg-Geislingen , which also includes the upper slopes of the Schlegelsberg and its southern foothills as well as large slopes beyond in the Lanzenbach valley. The old shell limestone quarry next to the road to Vellberg is an extensive natural monument, as are many field hedges close to the place, it is also under biotope protection . The Bühler river sections, which are almost everywhere natural, are also protected biotopes.
Individual evidence
- ^ Geography according to TK25 and visual inspection.
- ^ Presentation of the local history on the community website .
- ↑ Geology by GK25 and inspection.
- ↑ Protected areas according to the Geoportal Baden-Württemberg ( information ), grass snake by visual inspection.
literature
- "TK25": Topographic map 1: 25,000 Baden-Württemberg North, single-sheet cut of map No. 6925 Obersontheim.
- “GK25”: Geological map of Baden-Württemberg 1: 25,000, published by the State Geological Office 1982, sheet no. 6925 Obersontheim with explanatory booklet.