Espadaea amoena
| Espadaea amoena | ||||||||||||
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Espadaea amoena |
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| Scientific name of the genus | ||||||||||||
| Espadaea | ||||||||||||
| A.Rich. | ||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the species | ||||||||||||
| Espadaea amoena | ||||||||||||
| A.Rich. |
Espadaea amoena is a plant type from the family of the nightshade family (Solanaceae) and is the only type of genus Espadaea . It is endemic to Cuba . For a long time, the genus was led with three other genera in a separate family Goetzeaceae, but molecular biological studies showed that they belong to the nightshade family. The generic name honors the Spanish clergyman Juan José Díaz de Espada (Juan José Díaz de Espada y Fernández de Landa, also Obispo Espada) (1757 - 1832).
description
Vegetative characteristics
Espadaea amoena is a 5 to 6 m tall tree . The bark is grayish and hairy with rust-brown trichomes . The leaves are stalked with petioles 0.2 to 0.35 cm long , the leaf blade has a length of 2.3 to 4.5 cm and a width of 1 to 2.7 cm. They are highly variable in shape, linear to ovate, the upper side is hairless and shiny, the underside is hairy with simple, two- to three-cell trichomes.
blossoms
The flowers stand individually in the leaf axils on 3 to 6 mm long pedicels . They are usually fivefold, but can also be four or sixfold. The calyx is cup-shaped, has short teeth and has tomentose hair on the outside. The crown is yellow-brown in color, funnel-shaped, somewhat curved and is 11 to 14 mm long and covered with 3 to 4 mm long corolla lobes.
The five stamens occur in two lengths, are located near the base of the corolla tube and protrude far beyond the crown. The longer stamens are 14 to 17 mm long, the shorter 13 to 14 mm. The anthers are 1.5 to 2.5 mm long and open lengthways. The ovary is tomentose, two-faced and semi-subordinate. Each ovary compartment forms an ovule . The stylus has a length of 15 to 17 mm.
Fruits and seeds
The fruits are spherical and pointed, pale orange or yellow, 1.5 to 2.3 cm long and 1.3 to 1.9 cm wide. They stand on 0.3 to 0.7 cm long fruit stalks and contain one or two seeds . These have a size of 5.8 to 7.8 mm × 5.1 to 6.3 mm × 3 to 4 mm.
Chromosome number
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 48.
Occurrence
The species is endemic to Cuba . It grows at altitudes between 0 and 700 m.
Systematics
The assignment of the genus to the nightshade family has been questioned for a long time, so Armando Hunziker , for example, in his systematics of the nightshade family, excludes this and three other genera from the family based on the seed morphology and assigns them to a separate Goetzeaceae family.
Molecular biological studies have shown, however, that the genera belonging to the Goetzeaceae belong to the nightshade family together with the genera Duckeodendron and Metternichia . Richard Olmstead leads them in his family system in a subfamily Goetzeoideae.
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Cladogram simplified to
swell
Individual evidence
Most of the information in this article has been taken from the sources given under literature; the following sources are also cited:
- ↑ Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names . Extended Edition. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin, Free University Berlin Berlin 2018. [1]
- ↑ Espadaea amoena at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ↑ Armando T. Hunziker: The Genera of Solanaceae . ARG Gantner Verlag KG, Ruggell, Liechtenstein 2001, ISBN 3-904144-77-4 .
- ^ A b Eugenio Santiago-Valentin and Richard G. Olmstead: Phylogenetics of the Antillean Goetzeoideae (Solanaceae) and Their Relationships within the Solanaceae based on Chloroplast and ITS DNA Sequence Data . In: Systematic Botany , Volume 28, Issue 2. pp. 452-460.
literature
- Victor R. Fuentes Fiallo: Goetzeaceae . In: Werner Greuter and Rosa Rankin Rodriguez (eds.): Flora de la República Cuba , Fascíulo 10. A. R. Ganter Verlag KG, Lichtenstein, 2005. ISBN 3-906166-30-9
