Eugène Etienne
Eugène Napoléon Étienne (born December 15, 1844 in Oran ( Algeria ); died May 13, 1921 in Paris ) was a French politician from the group of French settlers in Algeria, now commonly referred to as pied noirs ("black feet"), who held many political offices. He served his country under various governments and was French Minister of the Interior and repeatedly Minister of War of the Third French Republic (1871-1940).
Life
He was a member of the Alliance démocratique (Democratic Alliance) and together with Auguste d'Arenberg one of the most important leaders of the Parti colonial ("Colonial Party ") before the First World War , when in 1892 he founded the Groupe colonial et des affaires extérieures (Group for colonial and External relations) organized by the Chamber of Deputies ( Chambre des députés ).
The historian Herward Sieberg puts it in the following historical context:
“After the Franco-German War of 1870-71, the young Third Republic needed a decade to stabilize its internal politics and to rebuild its economy. Only then could France appear again effectively in foreign policy. Not least because of its isolation in Europe, it directed its energies overseas. "
Eugène Étienne was president of the Société Gambetta ( Gambetta Society), he was also head of the colonial party (Parti colonial), founder and president of the Comité de l'Asie française , the Comité de l'Afrique française and the Comité du Maroc and practiced many other offices.
He is buried in the Père Lachaise cemetery in Paris.
Port-Étienne (Nouadhibou) and the Étienne Fjord were named after him.
Publications (selection)
- Eugène Étienne: Les Compagnies de colonization , Paris 1897, Augustin Challamel, éd. (Librairie maritime et coloniale) - digitized version at Gallica (reprint of a series of articles on colonial societies published in Le Temps )
See also
literature
- Herward Sieberg: Eugène Etienne and the French colonial policy (1887-1904). Westdeutscher Verlag, Cologne and Opladen, 1968 (articles on colonial and overseas history, volume 4) ( partial online view )
- Marc Lagana: Le Parti colonial français: éléments d'histoire , Presses universitaires du Québec, 1991 ( partial online view )
- Hendrik L. Wesseling: Divide and rule: the division of Africa 1880-1914 , Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart 1999, ISBN 3-515-07543-7 (contributions to colonial and overseas history; vol. 76). ( Online partial view )
- James Cooke: "Eugène Etienne and the Emergence of Colonial Dominance in Algeria, 1884-1905." Muslim World , Volume 65, 1975 ( doi : 10.1111 / j.1478-1913.1975.tb03215.x )
- Marc Laurent Lagana: Eugène Étienne and the Strategy of Capitalist Expansion: Colonialism and Militarism in the Third Republic, 1881-1918. University of Wisconsin – Madison , 1974
- Jacques Marseille: France et Algérie, journal d'une passion. Paris: Larousse, 2002
Web links
- Biographical entry on the website of the French National Assembly (French)
- Étienne, Eugène (1844-1921) on appl-lachaise.net (French)
- Newspaper article about Eugène Étienne in the press kit 20th Century of the ZBW - Leibniz Information Center for Economics .
References and footnotes
- ↑ fr: Auguste d'Arenberg (French)
- ↑ fr: Parti colonial (French)
- ↑ fr: Groupe colonial et des affaires extérieures de la Chambre des députés (French)
- ^ Marc Lagana (1991: 54).
- ↑ Herward Sieberg (1968, foreword, beginning)
- ↑ fr: Augustin Challamel (French)
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Étienne, Eugène |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Étienne, Eugène Napoléon (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French politician, Minister of the Interior, Minister of War of the Third Republic |
| DATE OF BIRTH | December 15, 1844 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Oran ( Algeria ) |
| DATE OF DEATH | May 13, 1921 |
| Place of death | Paris |