Eugeniusz Romer
Eugeniusz Mikołaj Romer (born February 3, 1871 in Lemberg , † January 28, 1954 in Cracow ) was a Polish geographer and cartographer .
Life
Eugeniusz Romer is considered to be the most important and influential Polish geographer of the 20th century. He made geography a modern science. Numerous well-known Polish experts were among his students. Romer studied history and geography in Krakow , Halle (Saale) and Lemberg , where he received his doctorate in 1894 with a thesis on the distribution of precipitation in the Carpathian Mountains . He then continued his physical-geographic studies at the universities of Vienna and Berlin , where the most famous geographers at the time, Albrecht Penck and Ferdinand von Richthofentaught. In 1899 Romer married Jadwiga Rossknecht, with whom he had two sons. In the same year he became a private lecturer in Lviv, but initially remained in higher education. From 1911 to 1931 he held the geographic professorship at the University of Lemberg and devoted himself increasingly to human geography and cartography. Since that time he has openly advocated a re-establishment of the Polish state. When Romer expanded the territory of Poland beyond the territory of the former German Empire in a map series in 1916 , he was from the German side, u. a. heavily criticized by his former teacher Penck.
After the First World War , Romer participated as a geographic expert on Poland at the Paris Peace Conference in 1919 and the peace negotiations in Riga in 1921 .
Romer was an internationally recognized scientist, was twice Vice-President of the International Geographical Union and organized the International Congress of Geographers in Warsaw in 1934 . In 1921 he founded the publishing house "Atlas" AG in Lemberg (Lwów), which since 1924 was the largest map publisher in Poland as "Książnica-Atlas" AG. Until 1939 many editions of school and general atlases (including "Atlas Polski Współczesnej", "Powszechny Atlas Geograficzny") and school maps with several million copies were published there. He also published the "Polski Przegląd Kartograficzny" (1918–39), the first Polish cartographic journal, and thus one of the first in the world.
During the Second World War , Romer had to go into hiding in a monastery and thus escaped the murder of a professor in Lviv . He then went into hiding in Warsaw , taking the false name Edmund Piotrowski. After the end of the war, he received another professorship in 1945, this time at the Jagiellonian University in Krakow, and helped set up the now Polish Institute of Geography in Wroclaw . The cartographic institute he founded in 1921 in the now Soviet Lviv was relocated to Breslau and still bears his name today. His most important publications deal not only with cartography, but also with climatology and geomorphology , mainly dealing with the area of the Tatra Mountains .
Works
Eugeniusz Romer published the first Polish school atlas ("Atlas geograficzny") in 1908, printed in the Kuk Military Geographic Institute in Vienna. As "Maly Atlas Geograficzny" he had seen 16 editions until 1964. 60 atlases , single maps, globes and publications come from him. The most important maps are the "Geograficzno-statystyczny Atlas Polski" (1916) and the "Polski Atlas Kongresowy" (1921), which had a decisive influence on the restoration of Poland and the demarcation of borders in Eastern Central Europe and made it extremely popular in his homeland. "Ziemia i państwo" (Land and State) was published in 1929 as a summary of his political-geographical work.
selection
- Geografia dla klasy pierwszej szkół średnich (1904),
- Mały atlas geograficzny (1908),
- Geograficzno-statystyczny atlas Polski (1916),
- Polski atlas kongresowy (1921),
- Powszechny atlas geograficzny (1928),
- Ziemia i państwo (1929),
- Pogląd na klimat Polski (1938),
- Regiony klimatyczne Polski (1949).
Honors
- Honorary doctorate from the University of Poznan (1933)
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Andreas Kappeler : The Ukraine: Processes of nation building . Böhlau, Cologne 2011, 453 pp.
- ↑ Uwe Rada: The Oder: Life course of a river . Siedler Verlag, Munich 2009, 224 pp.
- ^ Helmut Wilhelm Schaller : The "Reichsuniversität Posen" 1941-1945: Prehistory, National Socialist Foundation, Resistance and a New Beginning in Poland . Peter Lang, Bern 2010, 273 pp.
- ↑ Instytut Historii Nauki, Oświaty i Techniki: Studia i z materiały dziejów nauki polskiej: Historia Nauk ścisłych, przyrodniczych i technicznych, Volumes 1-4 . Państwowe Wydawn. Naukowe, Warsaw 1988, p. 110
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Romer, Eugeniusz |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Romer, Eugeniusz Mikołaj (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Polish geographer and cartographer |
| DATE OF BIRTH | February 3, 1871 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Lviv |
| DATE OF DEATH | January 28, 1954 |
| Place of death | Krakow |