Ewald Backe

Ewald Backe (born July 5, 1897 in Chicago , † August 21, 1968 in Ludwigshafen am Rhein ) was a German teacher and National Socialist .

Life

Ewald Backe was born in the United States in 1897. His family returned to Germany in 1899. From 1904 to 1909 he attended elementary school . From 1909 to 1913 he attended humanistic grammar schools in Zweibrücken and Pirmasens , then the preparatory institutions in Blieskastel and Speyer . His training was interrupted by the First World War. For his missions in the 23rd and 8th Bavarian Infantry Regiment , he was awarded the Iron Cross 2nd class . He left the army as a non-commissioned officer and officer candidate .

He then continued his primary school teacher training at the Speyer teacher training college . He initially worked as a substitute and assistant teacher until he found a job as a primary school teacher in Schauernheim in 1925 . In 1931 he joined the NSDAP (membership number 401102) in Schauernheim, where he became the training manager, treasurer and managing director. In May 1933 he became honorary mayor of Schauernheim. In the party he was first local office leader of the NSV in Schauernheim (1933-1934), then local group leader there from 1934 to 1935. After he got a job at the elementary school in Mutterstadt , he was local group leader there and from April 1, 1937 to April 1. August 1939 Mayor. He received the office without an advertisement because he had proven himself as a local group leader. During his tenure, he personally interrogated Pastor Johannes Bähr , who had protested publicly against the synagogue arson in Mutterstadt as part of the November 1938 pogroms . Backe's successor was Hans Hebel . He himself became head of the municipal cultural office.

From 1937 until the end of the war he was chairman of the Ludwigshafen district court and, from September 1, 1941, commissioner of the NSDAP for all communities in the Ludwigshafen district. As provisional district leader , he was also responsible for Homburg from September 17, 1941 , and for Zweibrücken until November 30, 1942 .

From May 4, 1945 to December 24, 1948 he was in American captivity and then settled in Kottweiler-Schwanden . A criminal investigation into crimes against humanity was closed in 1947. He is said to have been involved in the arson of the Mutterstadt synagogue on November 9, 1938. On August 5, 1949, he was classified in the denazification process as "incriminated". The purge process was discontinued on March 1, 1950.

Backe was then able to return to his old profession and worked as a vocational school teacher in Ludwigshafen am Rhein, first as a trade teacher, then as a senior trade teacher and finally from 1956 as a vocational school department head at the Ludwigshafen vocational school . On July 31, 1962, he retired.

literature

• Franz Maier: Biographical organization manual of the NSDAP and its structures in the area of ​​today's state of Rhineland-Palatinate (=  publications of the commission of the state parliament for the history of the state of Rhineland-Palatinate . No. 28 ). 2nd Edition. Zarrentin v. Hase & Koehler, Mainz 2009, ISBN 978-3-7758-1408-9 , pp. 123-125 .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Chronology of the Jewish communities in southwest Germany, especially in Mutterstadt. (No longer available online.) Judeninmutterstadt.org, archived from the original on November 4, 2005 ; Retrieved November 7, 2012 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.