Officer Candidates

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Officer candidate (OA) (official and military language in Germany) or officer candidate is a candidate for the rank of officer in the military . Officer candidates have a different status depending on the state.

Officer Candidate of the Naval School Mürwik (2014)

armed forces

According to the Soldiers ' Career Ordinance , officer candidates in the Bundeswehr are soldiers in one of the career paths of officers in the troop service and in the military technical service who have not yet been promoted to officers. They are members of the rank groups of the teams, the NCOs with and without porters , but sometimes have their own rank designations.

There are also medical officer trainees in the career of medical officers .

NATO (OF-D)

According to the NATO rank code , the officer candidate is listed under the abbreviation OF (D) or OF-D, which can be derived from the English officer (designate) .

Austria

Badge of rank ensign for the field suit
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In the armed forces, the officer candidate is comparable to a cadet or officer student.

For future career officers, those soldiers are officer candidates who attend the Theresian Military Academy in Wiener Neustadt or who just spend the year following their training in troop training. During this time you are an ensign .

In the case of future militia officers, those sergeants of the militia are officer candidates who are appointed lieutenant in the subsequent weapons exercise (including aptitude test) after completing the platoon commander training (1st and 2nd part).

United States of America

US Navy shoulder board officer candidate

In the United States, there is no one- size- fits-all training course within the armed forces , but rather a variety of options for candidate officers. Officer training in the United States has been closely linked to academic training since the 19th century , and appointment as an officer ( English commission ) generally requires a university degree . This close connection between the university and the training of candidate officers corresponds on the one hand to the American performance principle, i.e. the selection of the officer candidate regardless of origin, and on the other hand to the awareness that in crisis and war the officer corps needs a quick increase in well-trained personnel and universities for this need a good one Form a staff pool. With the exception of the National Guard, reserve officer candidates are trained for active officers.

Officer candidates in the armed forces , if they are in active service, are paid according to grade E-5 or in the case of the National Guard according to E-6. This corresponds to the salary of a sergeant or staff sergeant. If you previously had a higher salary as a non-commissioned officer , the higher salary is retained. The classification in the hierarchy structure is not clearly regulated. In principle, officer candidates are placed between NCOs and warrant officers , but as students of military training institutions they have no authority , unless this is explicitly assigned to them as part of the training, e.g. B. Group leader in the cadet corps or in the military internship. The designation of the officer candidates is based on the armed forces and the institution at which the officer training takes place:

Reserve Officer Training Corps

Officer Candidate for the ROTC on the University of Michigan campus

The Reserve Officer Training Corps ( ROTC German  about Reserve Officer Training Corps ) is a training program at colleges and universities for the recruitment and training of officers. The armed forces are responsible for the content. The training within the framework of the ROTC program is geared towards a four-year undergraduate degree to become a bachelor's degree. With successful graduation of the university, the cadets received the officer's commission , was promoted to lieutenant or ensign and begin their service as an officer or a reserve officer. Successful completion of the ROTC is often certified in the university's diploma as a minor in Military Science , Naval Science or Aerospace Studies . The officer candidates of the ROTC are not active soldiers and are not subject to military jurisdiction. In the last two years of training, however, they belong to the reserve of their chosen armed forces.

In 2017, 36% of all officers in the US armed forces emerged from the ROTC. Active service in the armed forces is required for at least three years after graduation. In special cases, the armed forces may waive active duty. Graduates must then serve as reserve officers in the reserve or in the national guard of the armed forces for at least eight years .

Training institutions
Cadets of the Virginia Military Institute, a senior military college
  • Six senior military colleges with special status under military legislation. There are Texas A&M University , Norwich University , Virginia Military Institute , The Citadel , Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, and North Georgia College and State University . Officer candidates from these universities are organized in a cadet corps with military rules and their cadets are required to wear uniform. These colleges train students according to the standards of the US Armed Forces military academies . Graduates from these colleges have the right to serve as active officers in a branch of your choice.
  • Military junior colleges offer an associate's degree, often preceded by a high school degree, and a two-year Army ROTC program. As part of the Early Commission program, students can obtain an officer license after two years. If you complete your bachelor's degree at another university and serve as a reserve officer in the reserve or national guard at the same time, you have the right to serve as an active officer. There are four junior colleges: Georgia Military College, Marion Military Institute, New Mexico Military Institute, and Valley Forge Military Academy and College.
  • Other private and state colleges and universities that offer a cadet corps, but have no special status.
  • The majority of the officer candidates of the ROTC now study at civil universities without a cadet corps. The ROTC training takes place on campus and uniforms are only worn during training.

Federal Military Academies

United States Merchant Marine Academy officer candidates in a parade

The military academies ( English Federal Service Academy) are five federal universities in the United States that serve the training of officers. Each branch of the armed forces, except the US Marine Corps and Space Force, has its own academy. The United States Maritime Administration also maintains its own military academy. In contrast to the Reserve Officer Training Corps, the officer candidates of the military academies of the armed forces are active soldiers and are subject to military jurisdiction. Life on campus takes place in a cadet corps. Graduates must serve in the armed forces for eight years, including at least five years as active officers.

Officer Candidate Schools

Marines Candidate Officer Candidate School

Officer Candidate Schools ( English Officer Candidate School or Officer Training School ) are military training institutions of the armed forces that serve the military training of officer candidates. In courses lasting several weeks, unserviced officer candidates with an academic degree or serving non-commissioned officers are prepared for their work as officers. Depending on the previous military use and the armed forces, the duration of the training is between nine and 17 weeks. The focus is on training to become a military leader in order to then be professionally prepared for the first use as an officer in other military schools.

National Guard

Officer candidates of the National Guard usually attend an officer candidate school or special officer training course. The Air Force Officer Training School offers a shortened course for reserve officer candidates of the Air National Guard . There are three options with the Army National Guard :

  • Attending the course of the Army Officer Candidate School with the officer candidates of the active units.
  • Attended an officer training course at a regional training institute in the state with one weekend per month and a two-week graduation course over a period of 18 months.
  • Attend a special eight-week full-time officer training course that one or more states offer irregularly.

Officer candidates from the armed forces

About a third of the officer candidates come from the active NCOs and men in the armed forces. In principle, you can complete all different training courses for officers in the armed forces. Younger applicants with high potential to be transferred to the Military Academy of the Armed forces, usually they go through before that a special course ( English Preparatory School ) at the military academy to prepare them for the training. Other applicants are promoted to reserve status to study, study at a university or college and at the same time take part in training in the Reserve Officer Training Corps before returning to active duty as officers. Applicants from the career of non-commissioned officers who already have an academic degree or equivalent training within the armed forces take part in the officer training at the officer candidate school.

Hiring as an officer

Specialists from various disciplines, such as lawyers , doctors , priests or engineers , can, depending on armed force as part of a Direct Commission be set directly as an officer. They are not trained together with candidate officers, but go through, depending on the armed forces, special training at their own school or special officer training at the officer candidate school.

National Peoples Army

The National People's Army of the German Democratic Republic grouped prospective officers under the name of officer students.

See also

Web links

Wiktionary: Officer candidates  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Candidate Officer. In: Duden. Bibliographisches Institut GmbH - Dudenverlag, accessed on March 17, 2020 .
  2. ↑ Ordinance on the Careers of Soldiers - Soldiers' Career Ordinance (SLV)
  3. ↑ Committe for Woman in NATO - United Kingdom National Report 2006. (PDF; 167 kB) nato.int, 2006, accessed on March 18, 2020 (English).
  4. ^ A b c Richard A. Preston: Perspectives in the History of Military Education and Professionalism . In: Harry R. Borowski (Ed.): The Harmon Memorial Lectures in Military History, 1959-1987 . A Collection of the First Thirty Harmon Lectures Given at the United States Air Force Academy. Office Of Air Force History - United States Air Force, Washington DC 1988, ISBN 0-912799-58-7 , pp. 269–301 (English, defense.gov [PDF; accessed March 20, 2020]).
  5. ^ Sean A. Gainey: Our History. In: www.cadetcommand.army.mil. U.S. Army Cadet Command, December 20, 2018, accessed March 20, 2020 .
  6. ↑ Woolf Gross: The Army Reserve Officers' Training Corps: A Hundred Years Old and Still Going Strong. In: armyhistory.org. The Army Historical Foundation, accessed March 20, 2020 .
  7. ↑ Arthur T. Coumbe: A History of the US Army Corps Officer 1900-199 . Ed .: The United States Army War Colleg - Strategic Studies Institute. US Army War College Press, 2014, ISBN 1-58487-637-9 , pp. 88 f . (English, globalsecurity.org [PDF; accessed on March 20, 2020]).
  8. ↑ Becoming a Marine. In: www.marines.com. United States Marine Corps, accessed March 20, 2020 .
  9. ^ Officer Training School. In: www.af.mil. U.S. Air Force, February 11, 2015, accessed March 20, 2020 .
  10. ↑ How To Join. In: afreserve.com. US Air Force Reserve, accessed March 20, 2020 .
  11. ↑ a b c The Army ROTC Program. In: www.uccs.edu. University of Colorado Colorado Springs, accessed March 20, 2020 .
  12. ^ Oklahoma Army National Guard Officer Program Admissions, Procedures, and Responsibilities. (PDF) KARNG pamphlet 600-100. In: ok.ng.mil. Department of the Army-Oklahoma Army National Guard G1, November 1, 2018, accessed March 20, 2020 .
  13. ↑ a b c Enlisted to Officer Commissioning Programs Application. (PDF) OPNAVINST 1420.1B. In: www.usna.edu. Chief of Naval Operations, December 14, 2009, accessed March 20, 2020 .
  14. ^ Army Command Policy. (PDF) Army Regulation 600-20. In: armypubs.army.mil. Headquarters Department of the Army, November 6, 2014, accessed March 20, 2020 .
  15. ↑ a b c Army ROTC. In: www.goarmy.com. US Army, accessed March 20, 2020 .
  16. ↑ Population Representation in the Military Services: Fiscal Year 2017 Summary Report Table B-30. CNA - Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness, accessed March 17, 2020 .
  17. ^ Army ROTC - Service Commitment. goarmy, accessed March 17, 2020 .
  18. ↑ a b DoD Instruction 1215.08, Senior Reserve Officers' Training Corps (ROTC) programs. (PDF) Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness, January 19, 2017, accessed on March 17, 2020 .
  19. ↑ a b Military Schools. In: www.todaysmilitary.com. United States Department of Defense, accessed March 20, 2020 .
  20. ^ Officer Schools by Service. In: www.todaysmilitary.com. United States Department of Defense, accessed March 20, 2020 .
  21. ^ A b Officer Candidate School. In: www.goarmy.com. US Army, accessed March 20, 2020 .
  22. ↑ Green to Gold Non-Scholarship Option. In: www.goarmy.com. US Army, accessed March 20, 2020 .
  23. ^ Direct Commission Officer. In: www.goarmy.com. US Army, accessed March 20, 2020 .
  24. ^ Direct Commission Programs. In: www.gocoastguard.com. US Coast Guard, accessed March 20, 2020 .
  25. ↑ Direct Commission. In: www.todaysmilitary.com. United States Department of Defense, accessed March 20, 2020 .