Felix von Kraus (medic)

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Felix Kraus, from 1864 Ritter von Kraus (* 1805 in Hennersdorf , Austrian Silesia , † February 28, 1875 in Vienna ) was an Austrian general staff doctor who was ennobled in 1864 .

Life

Kraus first studied philosophy at the University of Vienna . In 1824 he joined as an intern in the field medical service and in 1825 assistant physician in the Infantry Regiment 45. He then attended the Higher Teaching course at the Medical-Surgical Joseph Academy in Vienna, where he in 1831 to Dr. med. et chir. received his doctorate . He also obtained a master's degree in ophthalmology and obstetrics .

From 1832 he then worked as a regimental doctor at various infantry regiments . During this time he gained attention in scientific circles. In 1836 he was awarded a scientific prize for answering the academic question “About intestinal ulcers in nervous fevers”. In 1841 the prize publication “Peculiarities and Diseases of the Army” followed.

From 1837 Kraus worked as a regimental doctor in Prague and also studied at the Charles University in Prague . In 1846 he was briefly transferred to Galicia and in 1848 he was first consulted on important army matters. In 1850 he was promoted to the medical officer. In 1851 he was entrusted with the medical directorate at the State General Command in Prague and in the same year he was appointed Conducting Medical Officer at the State General Command in Hungary . In 1854 he was appointed head of the medical directorate at the operating III. Army.

In 1859 Kraus was promoted to medical officer at the Army General Command. His steady rise led him to the field medical organization commission of the kuk war ministry in 1861 and in 1864 to the appointment as general staff doctor with ennoblement as well as his appointment as advisor for medical matters in the war ministry. In 1867 he retired .

Kraus became the progenitor of the Knights of Kraus through the ennoblement . His sons include the historian Viktor von Kraus and the medical officer Carl von Kraus , and his grandchildren include the singer Felix von Kraus and the German scholar Carl von Kraus .

Act

Kraus was considered a profound expert on the Austrian military medical system. During his tenure, he redesigned the field medical service in Hungary. He also gained merit in the introduction of ship ambulances and tent hospitals. The isolation of contagious patients was introduced through his initiative . During his activity in the Vienna War Ministry, the training of military doctors was standardized and the military medical committee reorganized.

Kraus was considered a talent for organization and a good doctor. Despite his tireless struggle against deficiencies in the military medical system, he enjoyed great recognition. So should Archduke Albrecht have said at his grave: "He was equally excellent as a doctor and as a human and civil servants. I share your pain. "

Works (selection)

  • Peculiarities and Diseases of the Army , 1841.
  • Instructions for practical military medical service , 2 volumes, 1844.
  • Systematic representation of the military medical service in the Imperial and Royal Army in peace and in the field , 2 volumes, 1858.
  • The dispersal system for the sick as a means of protection against epidemics in peacetime and against the devastating contagions in war , 1861.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Quoted from Frölich, in ADB 17, p. 69.
personal data
SURNAME Kraus, Felix von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Kraus, Felix Ritter von (full name); Kraus, Felix
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian doctor and military
DATE OF BIRTH 1805
PLACE OF BIRTH Hennersdorf , Austrian Silesia
DATE OF DEATH February 28, 1875
Place of death Vienna