Ferdinand Bac

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Ferdinand Sigismund Bac (born August 15, 1859 in Stuttgart , † November 18, 1952 in Compiègne ), actually Bach, was a French painter, caricaturist, writer and landscape designer .

Life

His father Karl Philipp Heinrich Bach (1811-1870), a geologist, cartographer and landscape architect, was the illegitimate son of Jérôme Bonaparte , King of Westphalia and the Countess of Löwenstein. His mother was Sabina Ludovica de Stetten (1817–1904), the illegitimate daughter of Sigismund Ferdinand Stetten . Shortly after the birth of the son, the family moved to Ludwigsburg , where the father worked as a cartographer. Bach later lived in Munich. On April 30, 1878, he was enrolled at the Academy of Fine Arts in Munich. He later lived in Paris with his mother. Here he changed his name to Bac. Between 1880 and 1890 he created caricatures for the weekly La Caricature and for Figaro, often with "gallant" content. He traveled to Morocco, Turkey and Norway, among others. After spending the winter in Grasse with Maeterlinck in 1907 , he discovered his love for the Mediterranean. He also discovered the gardens of Harold Ainsworth Peto on the Côte d'Azur . Between 1925 and 1939 he lived on the Côte d'Azur in Les Colombières.

Gardens

View of Les Colombières near Menton

In his gardens he wanted to embed the Mediterranean culture in the landscape and remove superfluous ornaments in favor of a uniform design. He rejected both the eclecticism of the late 19th and early 20th centuries and classical modernism. Plants and, above all, their colors were of secondary importance in his gardens; he was primarily concerned with the play of light and shadow. Bac admired the Villa Hadriana in Tivoli and the Moorish and Romanesque architecture of Spain. Here, too, he found that ornaments only distracted from the interior design.

1913-1919 Bac designed the garden of the Villa Isabelle by Marie-Thérèse de Chévignet near Grasse . In 1920 he designed the garden of Les Colombières in Garavan near Menton by Émile and Caroline Octavie Ladan-Bockairy. The theme was the journeys of Odysseus . So there was a source of nausicaa . The house and garden are now listed , but the gardens are only partially preserved. Bac also designed the garden of the Villa Fiorentina in Cap Ferrat for the Countess Beaumon. As a garden designer he influenced Luis Barragán, among others .

Fonts

  • Villes et jardins Méditterranéens Les Colombières, ses jardins et ses décors . 1922
  • Les Colombières, ses jardins et ses décors . Conard, Paris 1925
  • Odysseus . Conard, Paris 1925
  • Jardins enchantés . Conard, Paris 1925

literature

  • Marie-Claude Létang: Ferdinand Bac. "Jardins enchantés" , in: Nice Historique , No. 196, 1995, pp. 28–35 ( digitized version )

Web links

Commons : Ferdinand Bac  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Janet Waymark, Modern garden design, innovation since 1900 . London, Thames and Hudson, 2003, p. 144
  2. ↑ cf. Matriculation entry
  3. ^ Marie-Claude Létang: Ferdinand Bac. "Jardins enchantés" , in: Nice Historique , No. 196, 1995, pp. 28–35, here p. 30 ( digitized version )
  4. ↑ Silke Seehars, Anne Morris: An Eden resurrected ( Memento of the original dated December 3, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , in: The Riviera Times , June 14, 2011 (English)  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.rivieratimes.com
  5. ^ Charles Quest-Ritson 1992, The English Garden abroad. London, Penguin, 45
  6. ↑ Paysages intérieurs: dans les jardins de Ferdinand Bac et Luis Barragán (French)
personal data
SURNAME Bac, Ferdinand
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Bac, Sigismund Ferdinand; Bach, Sigismund Ferdinand
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French painter, caricaturist, writer and landscaper
DATE OF BIRTH August 15, 1859
PLACE OF BIRTH Stuttgart
DATE OF DEATH November 18, 1952
Place of death Compiègne