Ferdinand Reich

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Ferdinand Reich

Ferdinand Reich (born February 19, 1799 in Bernburg , † April 27, 1882 in Freiberg ) was a German chemist and physicist .

Life

After studying at the University of Leipzig and at the Freiberg Mining Academy (under Abraham Gottlob Werner ), he became an assistant in Freiberg's mining industry in 1819.

Study stays in Göttingen (1822) and Paris (1823/24) followed; then he worked as an academy inspector at the Bergakademie Freiberg . In 1827 he became professor of physics and assessor at the Freiberg Oberhüttenamt. In 1860 it was named Oberbergrat; he gave up the physics professorship in the same year. In the founding year of the Royal Saxon Society of Sciences , he was accepted as a full member. In 1864 he was elected a foreign member of the Göttingen Academy of Sciences .

Ferdinand Reich retired in 1866 and was elected a member of the Leopoldina in the same year . He was an honorary doctor of the University of Leipzig. He died in Freiberg in 1882 .

Services

Monument in Freiberg, Wallstrasse
Memorial plaque on his house in Freiberg, Waisenhausstr. 20th

Reich's most important achievement was the spectral analysis of the black zinc blende, in which he and Theodor Richter discovered the chemical element indium in 1863 . The discoverers chose the name indium because of its indigo blue spectral color.

His other researches were extremely varied: For example, he published on temperature measurements in the mines of the Ore Mountains, examined the smelter smoke for toxins, carried out geomagnetic observations and trap experiments to prove the earth's rotation .

Publications (selection)

  • Drop tests over the rotation of the earth carried out on a high official order in the Dreibrüderschacht near Freiberg (1830), digitized version (published in 1832)
  • Observations of the temperature of the rock at different depths in the pits of the Saxon Ore Mountains in the years 1830–32 (1834), digitalisat
  • About the magnetic inclination towards Freiberg (1834)
  • Experiments on the mean density of the earth using the rotary balance (1838)
  • About electrical currents on ore veins . - In: Calendar for the Saxon miner and hut man. (1840) pp. 1-2
  • Guide to lectures on physics at the Bergakademie zu Freiberg (1852)
  • The previous attempts to eliminate the harmful influence of smelting smoke at the fiscal ironworks in Freiberg . - In: Berg- und Hüttenmännische Zeitung. 17 (1858) pp. 165-168 and 173-176
  • Preliminary note on a new metal . - In: Journal for practical chemistry. 89 (1863) pp. 441-442
  • About the indium . - In: Journal for practical chemistry. 90 (1863) pp. 172-176 and 92 (1864) pp. 480-485

literature

  • 150 years of physics at the Bergakademie Freiberg : Ferdinand Reich traditional colloquium ... - Leipzig: Dt. For primary industry, 1978. - (Freiberg research books; D 115)
  • 125 years of indium : Lectures at the colloquium on November 24, 1988 on the occasion of the 125th return of the discovery of indium by Freiberg professors F. Reich and Th. Richter. - Freiberg: Bergakademie, 1989
  • Constantin Täschner: Ferdinand Reich. 1799 - 1884: A contribution to the Freiberg scholars and academy history. In: Messages from the Freiberger Altertumsverein with pictures from Freiberg's past. H. 51/1916, Freiberg 1917
  • C. Schiffner: From the life of old Freiberg mountain students. E. Maukisch, Freiberg 1935, pp. 42-46.
  • Hans-Henning Walter:  Reich, Ferdinand. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 21, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-428-11202-4 , p. 288 f. ( Digitized version ).

Web links

Commons : Ferdinand Reich  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Members of the SAW: Ferdinand Reich. Saxon Academy of Sciences, accessed on November 23, 2016 .
  2. ↑ Holger Krahnke: The members of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen 1751-2001 (= Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Philological-Historical Class. Volume 3, Vol. 246 = Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Mathematical-Physical Class. Episode 3, vol. 50). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2001, ISBN 3-525-82516-1 , p. 198.
  3. ^ Member entry of Ferdinand Reich at the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina , accessed on February 7, 2016.
  4. ^ Ph. Gilbert, "Les preuves mécaniques de la rotation de la Terre" . Bulletin des sciences mathématiques et astronomiques , p. 2, VI (1882), p. 200. Also: Drop tests over the revolution of the earth: employed in the Brüderschachte near Freiberge (1832).
personal data
SURNAME Reich, Ferdinand
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German chemist and physicist
DATE OF BIRTH February 19, 1799
PLACE OF BIRTH Bernburg
DATE OF DEATH April 27, 1882
Place of death Freiberg