Lilac Milchling
| Lilac Milchling | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Lactarius syringinus | ||||||||||||
| Z. Schaef. |
The Glimmerige or lilac-Milchling ( Lactarius syringinus ) is a fungal art from the family of Täublingsverwandten (Russulaceae). It is a medium-sized milkling with a flesh-gray to brick-colored hat that can be unzoned or more or less zoned. The white, fiery hot milk dries up gray-green. According to Heilmann-Clausen, the very rare and still insufficiently investigated species is closely related to the gray-spotted milkling .
features
Macroscopic features
The firm fleshy hat is 4–10 cm wide, initially arched and with a rolled edge, then spread out and more or less depressed in the middle. Later the hat is more depressed or deepened in a funnel shape and the sometimes wavy rim spreads out progressively. The surface is smooth and only slightly smeary and dry, almost velvety or fine wrinkled. The hat is flesh pink to purple-brownish or brick-colored and unzoned or sometimes darker zoned by numerous bands. The whitish edge is velvety to tomentose, injured areas black.
The lamellae, which are rather crowded or distant, have grown broadly on the handle or run down with a tooth. They are brittle, quite wide (wider than the meat of the hat) and often forked near the stem. They are pale cream-colored to flesh-ocher, injured areas turn gray-green blotchy.
The cylindrical to slightly clubbed stem is 4–7 cm long and 1–2 cm wide. The stem meat is initially quite firm and later often hollow. The surface is more or less smooth and dry and colored pink-greyish to gray-ocher. At the tip of the handle below the lamellas, the handle has a narrow, paler zone. In old age it is often rust-colored
The whitish flesh is quite firm, then brittle and increasingly grayish or greyish-ocher to ocher-colored. The smell is weak and inconspicuous, the taste is initially almost mild and becomes increasingly sharp. The whitish to pale cream-colored and sparse milk dries up in a gray-greenish color and tastes fiery hot. The spore powder is whitish to pale cream in color.
Microscopic features
The elliptical spores are on average 7.7–8.2 µm long and 6.1–6.6 µm wide. The average Q value is 1.23–1.26. The spore ornament is about 0.5 µm high and consists of warts and ribs that are branched and connected to one another. However, closed meshes are rare. The hilarity is more or less amyloid in the outer area .
The more or less clubbed, rarely 2- and mostly 4-spore basidia are 40–45 µm long and 8.5–11 µm wide. Pleuromacrocystids occur scattered to numerous. They are 45–75 µm long and 8.5–10.5 µm wide, narrow, bottle-shaped to lanceolate or spindle-shaped and rounded or pointed at the top. The lamellar edges are heterogeneous. Cheilomakrocystiden occur quite numerous to numerous. They are bottle-shaped to lanceolate and measure 25–50 × 6–9.5 µm.
The hat skin ( Pileipellis ) is a 70–100 µm thick ixocutis with partially upright, 2–7 µm wide, transparent hyphae . The ends of the hyphae are more or less cylindrical, rounded at the top and hardly thickened. On the surface of the hyphae there is a layer of extracellular pigment of different thicknesses, so that the sections are colored differently.
Species delimitation
The lilac-milkling is very closely related to the gray-spotted milkling ( L. vietus ) and is considered synonymous by some authors. It differs in its stronger fruiting body and the somewhat livelier colored hat, which is often zoned and only slightly fades.
Another similar species is the hunched milkling ( L. pilatii ). This differs in its appearance. It has duller colors and its macrocystidia are slightly narrower than those of the lilac-milkling. The dwarf birch milkling ( L. subcircellatus ) and the bog milkling ( L. hysginoides ) have an invariable milk, a less pungent taste and longer macroccystids.
Ecology and diffusion
The Milchling was found in Sweden and the Czech Republic. There is evidence from Germany from a park in Berlin-Pankow. Possibly it is more widespread, but is not differentiated from the very similar gray-spotted Milchling.
The mycorrhizal fungus may also socialized by Heilmann-Clausen with birches and spruces. The original location of the holotype is a deciduous forest with interspersed spruce and pine trees in Central Bohemia. In Berlin he was found in a damp undergrowth in a park.
Systematics
The Milchling was collected by I. Charvát in 1953 near Vojkov in Central Bohemia and described in 1956 by Z. Schaefer . Z. Schaefer describes the species as closely related to L. pyrogalus ( Bull. ) Fr. , but it differs in its whitish spore powder. Heilmann-Clausen places them near the gray-spotted milkling ( L. vietus ) and calls them larger, stronger and more vividly colored. In his description, however, he does not mention the flesh that blackens when injured or the cap skin hyphae encrusted with extracellular pigment. It is therefore not entirely clear whether both authors are really referring to the same taxon. The species has not yet been investigated in terms of molecular biology.
The species attribute ( epithet ) syringatus , is derived from Syringa , the scientific generic name of the lilac and can be translated as "lilac-like". The nickname is an allusion to the milkling's hat, which is sometimes slightly lilac-colored.
Inquiry systematics
Heilmann-Clausen and M. Basso place the Milchling in the Pyrogalini subsection , which is within the Glutinosi section. Their representatives have more or less zoned, greenish, brown or gray colored and dry to smeary hats. The milk dries up more or less greenish or grayish and the spores often have a zebra-like or more or less net-like ornament.
meaning
The dietary value of the Milchling is unknown, so it should not be collected.
swell
Individual evidence
- ↑ Synonyms of Lactarius syringinus. Z. Schaef., Česká Mykol. 10, 1956, p. 171. In: SpeciesFungorum / speciesfungorum.org. Retrieved November 2, 2012 .
- ↑ a b c d Jacob Heilmann-Clausen and others: The genus Lactarius . Ed .: The Danish Mycological Society, (= Fungi of Northern Europe . Vol. 2). 1998, ISBN 87-983581-4-6 , pp. 60-61 (English).
- ↑ a b c Lactarius syringinus. In: Russulales News. Retrieved November 2, 2012 (English, photos and original Latin description).
- ^ Database of mushrooms in Austria. In: austria.mykodata.net. Austrian Mycological Society, accessed November 5, 2012 .
- ↑ a b Worldwide distribution of Lactarius syringinus. (No longer available online.) In: GBIF Portal / data.gbif.org. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016 ; Retrieved November 2, 2012 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ A b Maria Teresa Basso: Lactarius Persoon (= Fungi Europaei . Vol. 7). 1999, ISBN 88-87740-00-3 , pp. 48-63, XX (Italian).
- ↑ Jacob Heilmann-Clausen among others: The genus Lactarius . Ed .: The Danish Mycological Society, (= Fungi of Northern Europe . Vol. 2). 1998, ISBN 87-983581-4-6 , pp. 23-28 (English).
Web links
- Lactarius syringinus. In: Russulales News. Retrieved November 2, 2012 (English, photos and original Latin description).