Hunched milkling
| Hunched milkling | ||||||||||||
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Hunched milkling ( Lactarius pilatii ) |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Lactarius pilatii | ||||||||||||
| Z. Schaef. |
The hunched milkling or Weinbraune Moor-Milchling ( Lactarius pilatii ) is a type of mushroom from the family of the deaf relatives . It is a rather small to medium-sized milkling with a dark brown, greasy and often hunched hat. Its milk dries up olive-gray. The hunched milkling is a mycorrhizal fungus of the birch and usually grows in the middle of cushions of peat moss. The fruiting bodies of the inedible mushroom appear from July to September.
features
Macroscopic features
The hat is 1.2–5.5 cm wide, when young, conical to arched with a curved edge and usually with a small hump. In old age he is sometimes a little depressed. The surface is sticky and greasy and black-brown to dark brick-colored, purple-brown or gray-brown. Sometimes the hat is also slightly zoned and pale beige, gray-ocher or pale mouse gray from the edge. The outer edge is sometimes pale cream in color.
The lamellas are wide or run down slightly on the stem. They are sometimes forked, pale cream to dark cream in color and are quite distant. They turn olive brown when pressed. The spore powder is pale cream in color.
The cylindrical and slightly widened stem is 2.5–7 cm long and 0.4–2 cm wide. The stem is slightly sticky and pale cream to flesh ocher, smoky gray or gray-pink in color, in old age it is dark gray-ocher to grayish-brown and salmon-colored at the tip.
The rather fragile flesh is hollow or stuffed in the handle, whitish to pale pink-ocher or grayish-ocher, also smoky gray towards the surface. It tastes moderately pungent after a while, the smell is faint. The white milk dries olive-gray and tastes hot and aromatic at the same time.
Microscopic features
The rounded to elliptical spores are on average 7.3–7.8 µm long and 6.1–6.5 µm wide. The Q value (quotient of spore length and width) is 1.1–1.4. The spore ornament is up to 0.8 (1) µm high and consists of warts and ribs, which are often connected to one another and form numerous, closed meshes. The hilly spot is inamyloid or weakly amyloid in the edge area .
The club-shaped, 4-spore basidia are 35–50 (55) µm long and 8–10 µm wide. Pleuromacrocystids occur scattered to numerous. They are 50–75 µm long and 6–9 (10) µm wide and narrow, bottle-shaped to lanceolate. They often have an attached tip at the top. The lamellar edges are mostly sterile and have cheilomacrocystids . These are also narrow, bottle-shaped to lanceolate and measure 25–55 × 4–8 µm.
The 70-100 .mu.m thick hat skin ( Pileipellis ) is loud Jacob Heilmann-Clausen a Ixocutis with few ascending hyphae and after Maria Teresa Basso a Ixotricoderm with upstanding hyphae, which via a subcutis lies.
Species delimitation
The hunched milkling is closely related to the gray-spotted milkling ( L. vietus ). However, it differs in its darker colors, the more or less hunched hat and the slightly narrower spurs. Usually the macrocystids are also somewhat narrower than those of the gray-spotted milkling. Another similar species is Lactarius syringinus . This is stronger and the hat is more clearly depressed, more vividly colored and often zoned.
Ecology and diffusion
The rare hunched milkling is mainly found in Fennoscandinavia, but is also found in the Alpine region and in the Czech Republic.
Like all milklings, it is a mycorrhizal fungus that has a symbiotic relationship with birch trees. The mushroom is found in damp, boggy locations. The fruiting bodies often grow in the middle of peat moss cushions from July to September.
Systematics
In 1968 the species was first described by Zdeněk Schaefer . Independently of this, Meinhard Moser provided a detailed and extensive description of this species in 1978 under the name Lactarius mammosus . Lactarius mammosus , the dark coconut flake milkling , already referred to a different species. Therefore Harmaja , who did not know Schaefer's description, described the hunched milkling in 1985 as a new species and named it Lactarius moseri in honor of Moser .
The epithet pilatii honors the Czechoslovak mycologist Albert Pilát , who discovered the Milchling in 1965 in the Bohemian Forest near Horská Kvilda .
Inquiry systematics
Maria Basso and Jacob Heilmann-Clausen place the milkling in the Pyrogalini subsection of the Lactarius genus , which is within the Glutinosi section. Their representatives have more or less zoned, greenish, brown or gray colored, dry or greasy hats. The milk dries up more or less greenish or grayish and the spores often have a zebra-like or more or less net-like ornament.
meaning
The Milchling is inedible.
swell
Individual evidence
- ^ Synonyms of Lactarius pilatii. Z. Schaef., Česká Mykol. 22:18 (1966). In: SpeciesFungorum / speciesfungorum.org. Retrieved November 2, 2012 .
- ↑ a b c d Jacob Heilmann-Clausen and others: The genus Lactarius . Fungi of Northern Europe. Ed .: The Danish Mycological Society ,. Vol. 2, 1998, ISBN 87-983581-4-6 , pp. 62-63 .
- ^ A b c Maria Teresa Basso: Lactarius Persoon . Fungi Europa egg. Vol. 7, 1999, ISBN 88-87740-00-3 , pp. 48-63, 78, 111-16 .
- ^ Database of mushrooms in Austria. In: austria.mykodata.net. Austrian Mycological Society, accessed on November 5, 2012 .
- ↑ Basidiomycota Checklist-Online - Lactarius pilatii. In: basidiochecklist.info. Retrieved November 5, 2012 .
- ↑ Jan Holec & Miroslav Beran: Red list of fungi (macromycetes) of the Czech Republic. (PDF; 404 kB) In: wsl.ch. 2007, accessed November 5, 2012 .
- ↑ Torbjørn Borgen, Steen A. Elborne, Henning Knudsen: Arctic and Alpine Mycology . Ed .: David Boertmann and Henning Knudsen. tape 6 . Museum Tusculanum Press, 2006, ISBN 978-87-635-1277-0 , A checklist of the Greenland basidiomycetes, p. 37-59 .
- ↑ Worldwide distribution of Lactarius pilatii. (No longer available online.) In: GBIF Portal / data.gbif.org. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015 ; Retrieved November 2, 2012 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Jacob Heilmann-Clausen u. a: The genus Lactarius . Fungi of Northern Europe. Vol. 2, 1998.
- ↑ Jacob Heilmann-Clausen among others: The genus Lactarius . Fungi of Northern Europe. Vol. 2, 1998, pp. 23-28 .
Web links
- Lactarius pilatii. In: Russulales News / muse.it. Retrieved May 1, 2016 (English, photos and original Latin description).