Student pilot

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

A trainee pilot ( English student pilot ) is a person to purchase or extension of a pilot's license at a flight school by flight instructor is formed.

In German usage, the trainee pilot can be both a person without flying training, often referred to as a pedestrian in German piloting language , and a pilot who wants to acquire a further flying qualification. The requirements and rights of the student pilot are set out in the various laws and regulations at international and national level.

requirements

The following requirements and restrictions apply to the acquisition of a license recognized by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), such as a private pilot license , commercial pilot license and commercial pilot license :

  • The student pilot must not pose any danger to aviation .
  • The trainee pilot should not perform solo flights without supervision or with the approval of the flight instructor
  • A trainee pilot should not perform an international flight alone, unless both states agree.
  • Medical certificate class 2

European Union

Aviation medical certificate issued in Germany

For all member states of the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA), the licensing of aviation personnel and thus also the position of the student pilot is regulated by Regulation (EU) No. 1178/2011 (EU-FCL):

  • Student pilots require authorization for a solo flight and must be supervised by a flight instructor.
  • The minimum age before the first solo flight is 14 years of age for gliders and balloon flights, and 16 years of age for all other aircraft categories.
  • Medical certificate

United States

In the United States a separate license is (for student pilots English Student Pilot Certificate ) from the Federal Aviation Administration issued (FAA). It must be carried on solo flights and, in conjunction with the entry of the flight instructor in the flight log, provides evidence of the rights as a student pilot and the authorization to fly solo. Requirement is:

  • Minimum age for gliding and balloon flight is 14 years old for all other aircraft categories 16 years of age
  • Can read, speak, write and understand the English language

Foreigners must complete the Alien Flight Student Program (AFSP) prior to starting flight training in the US or to obtain an FAA license outside the US . This is a security clearance by the Transportation Security Administration of the United States Department of Homeland Security and was introduced in response to the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001 .

education

Special day for student pilots - first solo flight
Flight simulator is now part of the training of flight students
Student pilots on Cessna T-37 trainer aircraft
Civil Air Patrol cadets in the United States during balloon training

Flight school

A flight school is an institution that enables interested parties to learn how to operate and operate an aircraft or to deepen their knowledge. The training of the flight students is carried out in theory and practice by flight instructors . The practical handling of the aircraft in flying hours on aircraft suitable for training z. B. Learned about training aircraft . There are basically two different flight schools in the EASA member states :

  • Approved training organizations ( English Approved Training Organization ) ATO, which go through an extensive approval process and train all types of aircraft pilots, especially commercial pilots and commercial pilots, e.g. B. Commercial Aviation Schools .
  • Declared training organizations, ( English Declared Training Organization ) DTO, which are allowed to train up to the private pilot license and only in visual flight . The small flight schools of the aviation clubs are named here as an example .

theory

In the theoretical training, the following subjects are usually taught, which are supplemented by further subjects, depending on the aircraft class or pilot license.

practice

The practical flight training usually takes place in several phases. The training for a private pilot license is mentioned here as an example:

  • In the first phase, the trainee pilot learns to control and master the aircraft on the ground and in the air. Take-offs and landings are also part of the training. The goal is the first solo flight in the traffic pattern . Before this solo flight, the student pilot is usually checked internally in the flight school by a second flight instructor or the training manager during a flight.
  • After several solo flights with a flight assignment by the flight instructor, training in flight planning and flight navigation follows with several cross-country flights. This also includes radiotelephony and flying in controlled airspace, including landing at controlled airfields. The phase is concluded with one or more single overland flights.
  • The last phase is used to prepare for the exam. The course of the examination with the corresponding procedures, especially emergency procedures, is practiced. This phase and the training ends with an oral and practical examination lasting several hours in front of an examiner appointed by the aviation authority .

Military training

Student pilots in military aviation are mostly prospective officers , less often NCOs who are undergoing flight training. In most cases, before the actual start of the training, a general and aviation selection process takes place, in which it is to be ensured that only well-suited candidates go through the tightly organized and highly demanding aviation training. The aeronautical training

In addition, many countries have introduced pre-military training for flight students, which carries out an aptitude test or basic flying training, e.g. B. in Switzerland as pre-service training or in the USA the cadet program of the Civil Air Patrol .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Appendices to the Convention of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), Appendix 1: Personnel Licensing.
  2. ↑ VO (EU) 1178/2011
  3. ^ Federal Aviation Administration: Become a Pilot - Student Pilot's Certificate Requirements. Retrieved September 24, 2019 .
  4. ^ Transportation Security Administration: TSA Alien Flight Student Program (AFSP). Retrieved September 24, 2019 .
  5. ↑ Less bureaucracy for flight schools, DTO rules have come into force. aerokurier, September 13, 2018, accessed September 25, 2019 .
  6. ↑ a b VO (EU) 1178/2011 FCL.10
  7. ^ Training to become a private pilot. PPL (A) - Private Pilot License (Airplane)). FFL Fachschule für Luftfahrzeugführer GmbH, accessed on September 25, 2019 .