Field rifleman
The Feldschützengesellschaft (also field contactors , corridor guardians , corridor guards , corridor shooters or field guard ) is the name of a historic military unit of the late Middle Ages and later for salaried persons of communities to protect the fields and corridors .
Unit
At the beginning of the 16th century , when artillery was not yet a branch of arms, but a guild , the artillerymen were called field riflemen , in contrast to the gunsmiths who operated the wall breakers and the fireworkers who had the firecrackers under them. In Adelung's grammatical-critical dictionary of the High German dialect of 1796 it says: In the past, gunsmiths, constables and gunners were also called field riflemen.
Corridor attendant
Field riflemen are field attendants who were responsible for the safety of the fields that were used for agriculture . You should deter potential thieves from stealing vegetables and fruits, or catch actual thieves in the act. The field riflemen were armed with a rifle, later a pistol, and were in action with this main task until the 1970s. Other regional and local names are Flurschütz, in Bavaria Flurer or Escher, in the Alemannic area Bannwart , in Swabia Feldhirt, in the South Tyrolean Burgrave Saltner, in other places Feldvogt, Feldwächter, Pfändemann, Pfänder. The regulatory basis for this was formed e.g. B. in Rhineland-Palatinate the service instruction for the field riflemen in the area of the People's State of Hesse , which was still in force in 1954 unchanged.
In the Grand Duchy of Oldenburg , the function of field guards as lower police officers was regulated by an instruction from 1832 that was binding for all parishes . According to this, the field guards should wear a blue overcoat with white, metal buttons as a uniform and carry a rifle with them as an armament. They were subordinate to the parish vogt and had to support the Landdragonerkorps in its function as state police on request .
Even today, these municipal law enforcement officers are responsible for monitoring the unauthorized use of utility roads. In addition, the field protection should prevent illegal waste disposal . Through the presence in the districts, the theft of special agricultural crops, which is increasing again today, and the willful devastation of agricultural areas can be successfully reduced.
literature
- Instruction for the parish field guard . Oldenburg undated (1832).
- Field contactor . In: Prussian Academy of Sciences (Hrsg.): German legal dictionary . tape 3 , issue 4 (edited by Eberhard von Künßberg ). Hermann Böhlaus successor, Weimar ( adw.uni-heidelberg.de - publication date between 1935 and 1938).
- Field police . In: Universal Lexicon of the Present and Past . 4., reworked. and greatly increased edition, Volume 6: Europa – Gascogne , self-published, Altenburg 1858, p. 172 .
Web links
- Field contactor . Duden Online (definition of terms)
- The field contactor comes . Bruchköbel live, May 24, 2007
Individual evidence
- ↑ Feldschütz , the. In: Adelung
- ↑ Feldhüther , the. In: Adelung
- ↑ Julius Schreitter (managing director of the Rhineland-Palatinate community assembly): Instructions for the field riflemen (in the area of the former People's State of Hesse) from December 17, 1904 . Deutscher Gemeindeverlag, Mainz 1954