Frans Hendrik Breukelman

Frans Breukelman (1988)

Frans Hendrik Breukelman (born December 1, 1916 in Rotterdam , † June 28, 1993 in Amsterdam ) was a Dutch Reformed theologian, pastor and theology professor. Together with Martinus Adrianus Beek (1909–1987) he is considered a co-founder of the Amsterdam School , which had an influence as far as West Germany, Berlin and Prague. In his theology, Breukelman was strongly influenced by Karl Barth , Kornelis Heiko Miskotte , Martin Buber and Franz Rosenzweig . In his main work Biblical Theology , which comprises several volumes, he established his prerequisites for biblical interpretation ( hermeneutics ), explained the basic structural concepts of the Old Testament and interpreted the Genesis , the Exodus book , the Psalms and the Gospel of Matthew . The Gospels are to be understood primarily from the Tenach , the Old Testament.

Life

Frans Hendrik Breukelman was born in Rotterdam. His childhood and youth were strongly influenced by his father's hereditary disease, Huntington 's disease , his mother's depression and the suicide of a cousin. He attended the liberal-Christian grammar school in The Hague and completed the hbs-B diploma in 1934 and the Matura in 1936. In the same year he began studying Protestant theology in Leiden , which did not really satisfy him. On December 11, 1941 he became vicar (assistant preacher ) in Rijnsburg with Gerrit Cornelis van Niftrik . On June 24, 1943 he married Willemijntje Cornelia called Mijntje Verhoog. From 1943 to 1948 Breukelman was pastor in Ritthem and from 1948 to 1968 in Simonshaven . It was only through reading the writings of Karl Barth and Martin Buber that he found a more personal approach to the Bible and its interpretation . The extrovert, eloquent Breukelman liked controversy, so after the publication of the new Dutch Bible (NBG) in 1951 he published critical articles in the magazine In de Waagschaal , which Kornelis Heiko Miskotte had founded and edited. This is how he became known among theologians and theology students in the Netherlands. In 1968 he was appointed to the theological faculty of the University of Amsterdam as a research associate and lecturer in dogmatics and hermeneutics . First he worked at the Van Niftrik chair and later at EJ Beker. Even after his retirement in 1981 he remained very active and lively as a theological researcher and teacher until he died in Amsterdam in 1993.

His main work: Biblical Theology

From 1980 his first writings of the " Bijbelse theologie " ( Biblical Theology , short BT) appeared. Back then there were only 25 to 30 booklets “ cahiers ”. Various studies on Biblical theology were only later published in three volumes (BT I, II and III). At the beginning, Breukelman set out his hermeneutical requirements and methods. He pleaded for a philological concordant translation that also included colometry , the breakdown into breathing units. Studies on the Book of Genesis then followed. He saw the Old Testament book of Genesis as a literary unit that was composed on the basis of the headings: These are the gender sequences ... ; Gen 2: 4, 5: 1, 11:27, 25:19, 37: 2. Eleven basic biblical terms determine the structure of the biblical proclamation: שֵׁמוֹת ( names , actors ), דְּבָרִים ( words , events , deeds ), יָמִים ( days , time ), הָאָרֶץ תַחַת הַשָּׁמַיִם (the earth under heaven), דסח ( grace , grace , Love , solidarity ), תמא ( loyalty ), טפשמ ( law , commandment ), הקדצ ( probation , community loyalty , justice , truthfulness ), הושי ( liberation ), םולש ( peace ).

Breukelman Foundation

After his death, the Breukelman Foundation was set up in Hoorn , dedicated to his largely unpublished work. Today the Nieuwe Bijbelschool takes care of his estate.

A fourth volume was edited and edited (BT IV). The four volumes of biblical theology are structured as follows:

Biblical Theology Volume I (BT I)

• " Schrift-lezing: een negotiating over the colometric weergave van bijbelse teksten as hulp bij het lezen en as grondslag before de exegese ", BT I / 1. Kok, Kampen Kok, 1980. ISBN 978-90-242-0914-9 (Only Dutch, German translated: Scripture reading. Treatise on the colometric representation of biblical texts as the basis of exegesis )
• " De theologie van het eerstelingschap van Israel temidden van de volkeren op de aarde as a theme of" het boek van de verwerkkingen van Adam, de mens ", BT I / 2. Kok, Kampen, 1992. ISBN 978-90-242-6181 -9 (Only Dutch, German translated: The Theology of the Book of Genesis: The First Fruits of Israel in the midst of the peoples on earth as the subject of the book of the procreations of Adam, man )
• “ Overtures of Genesis ”, BT I / 3. Kok, Utrecht, 2010. ISBN 978-90-435-1867-3 (Only Dutch, German translated: opening of the Genesis )

Biblical Theology Volume II (BT II)

Studies of the Basic Words and the Exodus include:

• Debharim: The biblical concept of reality of being in fact , BT II. Kok, Kampen, 1998. ISBN 978-90-242-6158-1
• " Sjemot: de eigen taal en de vertaling van de Bijbel ", BT II / 2. Kok, Kampen, 2009. ISBN 978-90-435-1705-8 (only Dutch, German: Names: The Language and Translation of the Bible )

Biblical Theology Volume III (BT III)

Studies on the Gospel of Matthew include:

• “De theologie van de evangelist Mattheüs: de overture van het Evangelie naar Mattheüs. Het verhaal over de génesis van Jezus Christ “(Mattheüs 1,1 - 2,23) BT III / 1. Kok, Kampen, 1984. ISBN 978-90-242-0721-3 (Dutch, German only: The Theology of the Evangelist Matthew: The Beginning of the Gospel According to Matthew. The Story of the Origin of Jesus Christ ; Matthew 1: 1 - 2 : 23 )
• De theologie van de evangelist Matteüs: het evangelie naar Matteüs as “The message of salvation from kingship” , BT III / 2. Kok, Kampen, 1996. ISBN 978-90-242-6195-6 (only Dutch, German: The Theology of the Evangelist Matthew: The Gospel according to Matthew as “The message of salvation from royalty” )
• “De theologie van de evangelist Matteüs: de finale van het evangelie naar Matteüs” , BT III / 3. Kok, Kampen, 2012. ISBN 978-90-435-1547-4 (Dutch, German only: Theology of the Evangelist Matthew: The conclusion of the Gospel according to Matthew )

Biblical Theology Volume IV (BT IV)

Systematic theological studies include:

• “De structuur van de holy empty in de theologie van Calvijn” , BT IV / 1. Finishing: Rinse Reeling Brower. Kok, Kampen, 2003. ISBN 978-90-435-0655-7 (only Dutch, German: The Structure of Sacred Doctrine in Calvin's Theology )
• “Theological opstellen, verzorgd, geann.” , BT IV / 2. Processing: LW Lagendijk. Kok, Kampen, 1999. ISBN 978-90-435-0068-5 (only Dutch, German: Theological Preparations. This includes studies on Johannes Calvin, Rudolf Bultmann , Adolf von Harnack , the Heidelberg Catechism and Reformed Orthodoxy)

literature

• Wouter Klouwen and Pieter van Walbeek: Foreword to FH Breukelman - Debharim. The biblical concept of reality , in texts & contexts No. 90, Dortmund 2001, pages 52–58
• Friedrich-Wilhelm Marquardt: Horst Dzubba (July 19, 1913- December 9, 1978) - A Berlin neighbor of Frans Breukelman , in texts & contexts No. 90, Dortmund 2001, pages 32–41
• Anke Wolf-Steger: Frans Breukelman: a master of the word , in texts & contexts No. 31/32, Dortmund 1986, pages 4–12
• Anke Wolf-Steger: About the living word. In memory of Frans H. Breukelman (1916-1993) , in Texte & Kontexte No. 61, Dortmund 1994, pages 3-27
• Anke Wolf-Steger: The Bible is a big story - and the story goes on. Frans Breukelman on his 100th birthday , in texts & contexts no. 150, Dortmund 2016, pages 21–31

Web links

• Dutch website denieuwebijbelschool.nl
• Website of the German exegetical journal texts and contexts
• German website reformiert-info.de
• Website of the Reformed Church in Potsdam, Germany
• Dutch website about Karl Barth

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Amsterdam School on website reformiert-potsdam.de
2. ↑ German exegetical journal texts and contexts
3. ^ Website reformiert-info.de
4. ↑ Anke Wolf-Steger: The Bible is a big story - and the story goes on. Frans Breukelman on his 100th birthday. in texts & contexts no. 150, Dortmund 2016, pages 21–31
5. ↑ Dutch website about Karl Barth ( Memento of the original from December 28, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
6. ↑ Gisela Strauss: Translation of Chapter I from: Gesprekken met Frans Breukelman , edited by Ype Bekker, Dussie Hofstra, Chris Mataheru, Annette Melzer, The Hague, 1989
7. ^ Author: Peter Bak, for Protestant.nl, June 5, 2009
8. ↑ website denieuwebijbelschool.nl
9. ↑ Uwe FW Bauer: All these words. Impetus for scripture interpretation from Amsterdam. Frankfurt am Main, 1992, ISBN 3-631-44373-0