Franz Josef Arnold

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Franz Josef Arnold (also Franz J. Arnold) (born January 18, 1888 in Aussig ; † February 15, 1962 in Pasching ) was a German-Bohemian architect who worked from 1920 to 1945 as city architect and head of the construction department in the city administration of Ústí nad Labem - Aussig a. E. worked. Together with Ernst Krob, he created a number of buildings and residential buildings in the New Objectivity style , which have had a significant impact on the cityscape.

Live and act

Franz J. Arnold was born in Aussig as the son of the dealer Franz Joseph Arnold. After completing an apprenticeship as a bricklayer, he attended the Imperial and Royal State Trade School in Brno for four years , from which he graduated from high school. He then studied from 1912 to 1914 at the Dresden Academy of Fine Arts , including in the architecture studio of German Bestelmeyer .

During the First World War , Arnold served in the Austrian army and was wounded. After the healing he returned to Aussig - Ústí n. L. and continued his studies. But he has not achieved an academic title. Since the mid-1920s he was a member of the professional association of German architects and used the title "Architect GD A" (Association of German Architects in the Czechoslovak Republic). In the 1920s he was also a member of the Metznerbund (Association of German Visual Artists in the Czechoslovak Republic, named after the sculptor Franz Metzner ), which existed from 1920 to 1945.

After 1918 Franz J. Arnold passed the master builder examination in order to be able to enter the civil service. Within the city council of Aussig he became a building officer and building commissioner, city architect and head of the city's building department, in which Leopold Pölzl was social democratic mayor from 1919 to 1938 . After the building department was restructured in 1934, he headed a special department for new urban buildings. In the war years 1940–1944 he headed the building department (under the mayor Franz Czermak). His area of ​​responsibility included the drafting and detailed design of new urban buildings and the reconstruction of buildings as well as the preparation of reports, budgets and the evaluation of construction work, including the award of work and construction services. The department also dealt with the preservation of monuments.

After the Second World War he was expelled from Czechoslovakia because of his German origins. Immediately after the Aussig massacre , Arnold and his family left their house in August 1945 (Ústí n. L.-Klíše, Lesní cesta 264/3) and went to Austria . Between 1946 and 1952 he worked as the building officer in Wiener Neustadt , then for a short time in Eisenstadt and since 1952 again as the senior building officer in Gmunden . Franz J. Arnold died in Pasching near Linz in 1962 .

Cooperation with Ernst Krob

Ernst Krob (* 1887 in Brunnersdorf ; † 1954 in Regensburg ) attended grammar school in Kaaden and then studied civil engineering at the German Technical University in Prague , where he received his doctorate in 1918 and worked from 1914 to 1945 in the building department of the city of Aussig - Ústí n. L After the expulsion he worked as a teacher and lecturer in Regensburg.

As the city architect of Aussig, Arnold designed many buildings together with the city's building director Ernst Krob and had them built in the Kleische-Klíše and Schönpriesen-Krásné Březno districts. Prouza describes these municipal housing buildings in Aussig from 1918–1938 as "German social democratic architecture". This social democratic orientation of the city of Ústí n. L.-Aussig a. E. is definitely comparable with the "Red Vienna" . The models for these communal residential buildings were obviously Karl-Marx-Hof by Karl Ehn in Vienna-Döbling , the large Trachau estate by Hans Richter in Dresden-Trachau and the Schillerpark estate by Bruno Taut in Berlin-Wedding , all of which are listed buildings. Prouza therefore proposes to place these residential buildings in Ústí nad Labem (or parts of them) under monument protection.

Buildings in Aussig / Ústí nad Labem

  • 1919–1922: Municipal housing (blocks A, B, C and D) No. 1748–1768 and Klíše No. 247–251, Ústí n. L., Palachova, U nemocnice, Pasteurova, Resslova and Šaldova / Palachova (together with Ernst Krob)
  • 1927/28: Municipal housing in Aussig No. 443–450, Ústí n. L.-Klíše, Klíšská
  • 1927–1929: Residential buildings for employees of the Municipal Electricity Company No. 479–482, Ústí n. L.-Klíše, U panského dvora / Klíšská
  • 1928: Building of the Aussig savings bank (multifunctional building), Ústí n. L., Masarykova 486/143
  • 1929/30: House with Madonna (together with Erich Breindl), Ústí n. L., Masarykova 1971/79
  • 1931/32: German Girls Reform Secondary School, now Medical School (Zdravotnická škola), Ústí n. L.-Klíše, Palachova 700/35
  • 1931–1933: Pawlatschen or arcade houses (S-houses) No. 704–711, Ústí n. L.-Klíše, Na Vlnovce 1, 3, 5, 7 and Mezidomí 1–4
  • 1933: Municipal houses, Ústí n. L.-Klíše, Na Popluží, Klíšská (together with Ernst Krob)
  • 1926–1936: Municipal housing, Ústí n. L.-Krásné Březno, Husova, 1. máje, Vojanova and Matiční
  • 1931–1937: Former District hospital (surgical department), demolished in 2013, now the campus of the Jan Evangelista Purkyně University Ústí nad Labem (UJEP) (together with Ernst Krob), Ústí n. L., Pasteurova 1500/9
  • 1937–1939: Aussiger Sparkasse, now Česká spořitelna (Czech Sparkasse), Ústí n. L., Mírové náměstí 2/5

Drafts (not executed)

  • 1919: Ústí nad Labem crematorium
  • 1919: Ústí nad Labem main train station
  • 1919: Ústí nad Labem Gallery
  • 1919: Ústí nad Labem exhibition hall
  • 1920: Coffee house in the Aussiger city park
  • Hotel building at the corner Revoluční / Velké Hradební, here was 1928-1929 the Adriatic Palace: 1920 Friedrich Lehmann built
  • 1924: entrance gate to the exhibition grounds
  • 1934: New town hall building and redesign of the city center

Gallery of municipal buildings from 1919 to 1939

  • Municipal housing Ústí n. L., Pasteurova

  • House with Madonna Ústí n. L., Masarykova

  • Former German Girls Reform Realgymnasium

  • Pavlatschen houses in Ústí n. L.-Klíše

  • District hospital, demolished in 2013

  • Savings Bank Building Ústí n. L., Mírové nám.

literature

  • Pavel Prouza: Vybudovali jsme ...! / We built ...!: Německá sociálně-democická architektura komunálního bydlení v Ústí nad Labem v letech 1918–1938 / German social democratic architecture of municipal housing in Aussig in the years 1918–1938, Novela Bohemica, Univerzita JE Purkyně, Ústí nad Labem, 2017, 368 pp., ISBN 978-80-7561-053-9
  • Pavel Prouza: Německá sociálně democická architektura komunálního bydlení v Ústí nad Labem v letech 1918–1938 (German social-democratic architecture of municipal housing in Aussig in the years 1918–1938), Univerzita Karlova v Praze (Charles University in Prague), dissertation (Czech University of Prague). ), Prague 2013, 290 pp. ( Online as PDF; accessed December 23, 2018)
  • Alena Boudníková: Funkcionalistická architektura v Ústí nad Labem (Functionalist Architecture in Ústí nad Labem), Masarykova Univerzita Brno, Bachelor thesis (Czech), Brno 2011, 59 p. ( Online as PDF; accessed on 23 December 2018)

Web links

Commons : Franz Josef Arnold  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Architecture in Northern Bohemia - Ústí-Aussig, Franz Josef Arnold (accessed on December 23, 2018)
  2. ↑ Rozhlas Sever - Franz Josef Arnold (accessed December 23, 2018)
  3. ^ Architecture Aussig - Franz Josef Arnold (Czech) (accessed December 23, 2018)
  4. ↑ Prouza (2013), pp. 120–122
  5. ↑ Prouza (2013), p. 118
  6. ↑ Prouza (2013), pp. 149–153
  7. ↑ Architecture in Northern Bohemia - Ústí-Aussig, Municipal Housing (Czech) (accessed December 23, 2018)
  8. ↑ Architecture in Northern Bohemia - Ústí-Aussig, Municipal Housing (Czech) (accessed on December 23, 2018)
  9. ↑ Architecture in Northern Bohemia - Ústí-Aussig, building of the Sparkasse (Czech) (accessed December 23, 2018)
  10. ↑ Architecture in Northern Bohemia - Ústí-Aussig, house with Madonna (Czech) (accessed December 23, 2018)
  11. ↑ Architecture in Northern Bohemia - Ústí-Aussig, Medical School (Czech) (accessed December 23, 2018)
  12. ↑ Architecture in Northern Bohemia - Ústí-Aussig, S-houses (accessed on December 23, 2018)
  13. ↑ Architecture in Northern Bohemia - Ústí-Aussig, Municipal Housing (Czech) (accessed on December 23, 2018)
  14. ↑ Architecture in Northern Bohemia - Ústí-Aussig, Former District Hospital (Czech) (accessed December 23, 2018)
  15. ↑ Architecture in Northern Bohemia - Ústí-Aussig, Czech Sparkasse (czech) (accessed December 23, 2018)
  16. ↑ Prouza (2013), pp. 238–246, 253
personal data
SURNAME Arnold, Franz Josef
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Arnold, Franz J.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German-Bohemian architect
DATE OF BIRTH January 18, 1888
PLACE OF BIRTH Aussig on the Elbe
DATE OF DEATH February 15, 1962
Place of death Pasching