Franz Stephan Rautenstrauch

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Franz Stephan Rautenstrauch (Johann Ernst Mansfeld, 1775)

Franz Stephan Rautenstrauch OSB , later Franz Stephan von Rautenstrauch (born July 26, 1734 in Platten , Bohemia , † September 30, 1785 in Erlau , Hungary ) was an Austrian Benedictine abbot and Catholic theologian .

Life

In his youth he was a choirboy in the Emaus Benedictine Abbey in Prague . After attending grammar school, Franz Stephan Rautenstrauch joined the Benedictine order in the Břevnov monastery near Prague, which was connected to the monastery in Braunau under a common abbot . He studied theology at the University of Prague , where he was ordained a priest and was then lecturer of theology and canon law in the monastery for several years . During this time he wrote his Prolegomena in jus ecclesiasticum , which aroused the displeasure of Prague Archbishop Anton Peter Count Příchovský . The archbishop applied for Rautenstrauch's writing to be banned in the Habsburg hereditary lands. The director of the Prague Faculty of Law, Wenzel Stephan von Kronenfels , turned against this with the result that Queen Maria Theresa of Bohemia, instead of granting the request, awarded Franz Stephan Rautenstrauch the gold medal for science and instructed the archbishop to give it to him with the comment hand over "that your majesty would like to see if R. could be concerned with the whole completion of his work if possible".

Franz Stephan Rautenstrauch was elected abbot of the two monasteries in Břevnov and Broumov on March 13, 1773. The queen then issued the abbot election tax of 12,000 florins to the two monasteries . Shortly afterwards, she commissioned Rautenstrauch to draft a theological curriculum. This was introduced in 1774 and essentially remained in force until 1857. With this curriculum, pastoral theology was prescribed for the first time as a theological subject. In the same year 1774 Rautenstrauch was appointed director of the Prague theological faculty and received an honorary doctorate from this faculty. In 1775 he became president of the theological faculty of the University of Vienna , councilor and chairman of the “court commission in cultus affairs”.

He died on a trip to Hungary, which he undertook on behalf of the Benedictine order and to organize theological studies.

Theological positions

Franz Stephan Rautenstrauch was regarded as a representative of the moderate state church system of the time, Febronianism , as represented in the state church law stance of Maria Theresa and her son Josef II .

Services

The monasteries he directed were, as Johann Friedrich von Schulte suspected, due to Rautenstrauch's reputation, not affected by the secularization in Austria .

His suggestions about the age required for entry into religious orders were made by Pope Pius IX. This is enshrined in church law in Austria as well as in other areas .

Not a single one of his writings has been put on the index .

Fonts

  • Prolegomena in jus ecclesiasticum. Prague 1769, new edition 1774.
  • Institutiones juris ecclesiastici cum publici tum privati ​​usibus Germaniae accommodatae. Prague 1769, 1774, 1772 (expanded).
  • Synopsis juris ecclesiastici, publici et privati, quod per terras hereditarias augustissimae Imperatricis Mariae Theresiae obtinet. Vienna 1776 (reprinted several times). “This directory contains 253 sentences of the sentences that are authoritative for church law in Austria. The court decree of October 5, 1776 only allowed theses to be suspended and defended from it for the purpose of public disputation in doctoral theses. Herein lies a great influence of it. Although in fact often ignored, the regulation was actually valid until 1849. The papal nuncio complained bitterly at the coronation of Emperor Ferdinand in Prague (September 7, 1835) that such a book was in official use. "
  • De jure principiis praefigendi maturiorem professioni monasticae solemni aetatem diatribe. Prague 1773, 1775.
  • Instructions and outline of systematic dogmatic theology. 4th edition 1774.
  • Institutionum hermeneuticarum veteris testamenti sciographia. 4th edition 1775.
  • Sciographia institutionum hermeneuticarum veteris et novi testamenti. Prague 1776.
  • Patrologiae et historiae literariae theologiae conspectus. Prague 1776.
  • Institutum theologiae. Vienna 1778.
  • Theologiae dogmaticae tradendae methodus et ordo. 1778.
  • Theologiae pastoralis et polemicae delineatio tabellis proposita. 1778.
  • Tabular outline of the pastoral theology to be presented in German. Vienna 1777.
  • Draft for the establishment of theological schools in the kk hereditary lands. Vienna 1782.
  • Draft for the establishment of the general seminars in the kk hereditary lands. Vienna 1784.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Uwe Harten: Rautenstrauch, Franz Stephan OSB. In: Oesterreichisches Musiklexikon online. Retrieved January 10, 2020 .
  2. ^ A b c Johann Friedrich von Schulte :  Rautenstrauch, Franz Stephan . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 27, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1888, p. 459 f.
personal data
SURNAME Rautenstrauch, Franz Stephan
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Rautenstrauch, Franz Stephan von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian Benedictine abbot and Catholic theologian
DATE OF BIRTH July 26, 1734
PLACE OF BIRTH Platten , Bohemia
DATE OF DEATH September 30, 1785
Place of death Erlau , Hungary