Barons of Belmont
The Barons of Belmont were the 12th and 14th century a noble free Freiherr sex from what is now the canton of Grisons in Switzerland. Their possessions were in the lower Surselva around the villages of Castrisch and Flims and in Lugnez .
family
The von Belmont, who are related to the barons of Vaz and von Rhäzüns , appear in the documents for the first time in the Gamertinger contracts of January 22, 1139 as witnesses, a Lutefridus de Belmont is mentioned, which appears in another document as Lutifridus de Castrisis, which proves that the Belmonters and the Lords of Cästrisch were of one tribe.
The Lords of Belmont, along with the Cästrisch, Montalt, Löwenberg, Übercastel, Frauenberg, Wildenberg, Greifenstein, etc., belonged to the original family of the Lords of Sagogn- Schiedberg . In a document dated April 25, 1358 (Bündner documents book no. 3235), the last Belmonter in the male line introduces himself as follows: "Ich Vlrich Walther von Belmont, friie" . At that time the term "Freiherr" was far from being used in Raetia.
The von Belmonts lived in Belmont Castle near Fidaz until around 1200 , and Baron Heinrich von Belmont built a castle on Tuma Casté in Domat / Ems around 1250 . In the 14th century the Castrisch Castle still appears, which had belonged to them since the beginning of the 13th century as the seat of the Adelheid von Montalt "inherited" from Belmont, which documented in 1371: «who is given on the vesti ze Caestris» .
The Belmonters were court lords in Gruob , Lugnez and Flims. The Pfäfers monastery appointed her as bailiff over its large court in Chur, where the family provided two canons at the beginning of the 13th century and a prince-bishop with Konrad from 1273 to 1282. In addition, the Belmonters owned the church set of the St. Vinzenz valley church in Vella and the collature of two chapels in Sagogn .
The family's burial place was originally the St. Luzius Church in Chur , later the Cathedral of St. Mary of the Assumption in Chur and, from the 14th century, Castrisch as well .
Name bearer
The first documented bearer of the name is Lutefridus, documented in 1139. Heinrich von Belmont is documented from 1252 to 1262; he consistently used the nobilis title (baron). His son Konrad was Chur bishop , a second son Heinrich (recorded 1267–1307) was in 1267 the first known Rhaetian student at the University of Bologna .
Ulrich Walter von Belmont, son of Johannes and Adelhaid von Klingen, was the last male representative of the sex. In 1352 he fought successfully against the territorial claims of the Werdenbergs in the Belmont feud near Sogn Carli in the Battle of Mundaun with other nobles and local farmers . Legend has it that the Lugnez women decided the fight at Porclas Cumbel .
Ulrich Walter died childless on July 11, 1371; his heiress was his sister Adelheid, who was married to Heinrich von Rhäzüns for the first time; second with Heinrich von Montalt. Through her, the rulership of von Belmont passed in 1390 to her daughter from her first marriage Elisabeth and her husband Kaspar von Sax-Misox .
literature
- Otto P. Clavadetscher, Werner Meyer : The castle book of Graubünden . Zurich 1984, ISBN 3-280-01319-4 ; P. 185
- Heinrich Boxler: Castle naming in northeastern Switzerland and in Graubünden , Verlag Huber, Frauenfeld 1976
- JL Muraro: The Barons of Belmont . In: History and Culture of Churrätiens , ed. by U. Brunold, L. Deplazes, 1986, p. 298 f.
Web links
- Martin Leonhard: Belmont, from. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . (about the barons family)
- Veronika Feller-Vest: Belmont, Konrad von. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . (with reference to Konrad's father Heinrich)
- Martin Bundi: Belmont, Ulrich Walter von. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .