Friedenskirche (Düsseldorf)
The Friedenskirche is a Protestant church on Florastraße in Düsseldorf 's Unterbilk district, consecrated in 1899 . Their neo-Gothic architecture is typical of sacred buildings of historicism , even if the building was changed or simplified in many parts after war damage.
history
Barely eleven years after the inauguration of the Johanneskirche , the evangelical parish in Düsseldorf was faced with the need to build more churches because of the enormous population growth. Locations in the “outskirts” of the city at that time, such as in Unterbilk and Oberbilk, made sense. In 1892 the community acquired two properties, one of them on Florastraße in Unterbilk.
For both locations, two architectural competitions were held at the same time in the summer of 1893 , which were open to participants from all over Germany. The jury awarded a design by the Leipzig architect Anton Käppler (1856–1928) with 1st prize for Unterbilk . Käppler had designed a central church with a crossing tower , but the congregation could not ultimately decide on the construction of this solution, which was relatively modern according to the (local) standards of the time. Instead, the architect, who had won first prize for the Oberbilker Church, was commissioned with a more conventional design. This architect, Georg Weidenbach , was not only based in Leipzig, but had even run an architecture office there for several years in partnership with Anton Käppler. Weidenbach's alternative design was ready for construction in the summer of 1894 and was accepted by the community.
Nevertheless, instead of the church , a club house based on a design by the Düsseldorf architect Hermann vom Endt was built on behalf of the Association for Inner Mission on the nearby Konenstrasse , which was completed in 1896 and also used as a provisional place of worship for three years.
The Friedenskirche was only then built in 1896–1899 under the artistic direction of Weidenbach and the local construction management by the architect Moritz Korn . It has a rectangular, almost square floor plan, which was divided into three bays in the transverse and longitudinal directions. When the church was completed in 1899, a five-meter high crucifix was hung in the choir arch . The church building has a bell tower that is square in cross-section up to the height of the nave roof and octagonal above.
The church was in the Second World War in the air raid on 11/12. June 1943 largely destroyed, only the sacristy showed only minor damage. The reconstruction took place until 1953, but in a somewhat simplified form. The interior is from the 1950s.
Furnishing
Painting
Because of its painting, the Friedenskirche was known far beyond the city limits, it was considered "especially inside as a shiny building" and "especially through the mural by Eduard von Gebhardt".
This painting was made in 1898 by order and on account of the Prussian state by Professor Eduard von Gebhardt and comprised a cycle of pictures from biblical history . This was intended to give “German art not only a new religious but also a distinctly and typically Protestant church painting”. In 1907 the wall paintings were handed over to the evangelical community with a ceremony and the presence of Crown Prince Friedrich Wilhelm .
To the left and right of the choir there were two large murals, the baptism in the Jordan on the left and the Transfiguration of Christ on the right . The two frescoes were connected to the apostal by the choir arch . Above the keystone of the choir arch, he painted the rainbow behind the hand of God raised in an oath and the figures of day and night floating out of clouds as a "symbol of the establishment of the old covenant". Opposite the choir on the organ wall was the painting Sermon on the Mount . The artist decorated the small fields of the side walls between the windows as “mediation with incidents from the lives of the most important men of the Old and New Testaments, Moses and Christ”, on the one hand “Moses and the fiery bush”, “Moses smashes the tablets of the law "," Moses knocks water out of the stone "as well as" The death of Moses "and on the other side" Christ Entry into Jerusalem "," The Temple Cleansing "," The Last Supper "and" Christ in the Garden of Getsemane ".
The wall paintings have only survived in fragments, such as parts of the Baptism of St. John , the Sermon on the Mount and the Burning Bush .
"Moses knocks water out of the stone"
"The temple cleansing"
"The Last Supper"
"Baptism in the Jordan"
Choir with crucifix by the sculptor Heinz Müller
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window
In 1899, the Düsseldorf glass painters Gassen and Blaschke painted the lead-glazed windows based on motifs from Altenberg Cathedral . After being destroyed in the war, the three choir windows were given a glass mosaic work by the Wroclaw artist Martin Domke (1911–2005) in 1954 : John the Baptist , The Risen Christ and The Apostle Paul .
organ
The organ of the Friedenskirche was built in 1955 by Rudolf von Beckerath (Hamburg) with 34 stops on three manuals and a pedal in a simple organ case . In the years 2006–2007 the instrument was restored by Hans-Ulrich Erbslöh (Hamburg). In this context, the disposition was expanded, in particular with an auxiliary movement that can be freely connected to all manuals and the pedal . The instrument has mechanical action mechanisms . The stop actions are electric.
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Pairing :
- Normal coupling: I / II, III / II, I / P, II / P, III / P (mechanical); I / II, III / I, III / II, I / P, II / P, III / P (electrical)
- Super octave coupling: I / I, I / II, III / I, III / II, III / III, III / P
- Sub-octave coupling: I / I, I / II, III / I, III / II, III / III
- Playing aids : 10,000-fold typesetting system , replay system with storage option (USB)
Bells
The three bells were cast from cast steel by the Bochum Association in 1924 . The strikes of the bells are b 0 , des 1 and es 1 . They replace the original four-part bronze bell, which was melted down to the smallest bell in the First World War . The remaining bell was traded in for the cast steel bell.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Website of the Friedenskirche: “We about us” → “History” → “The murals of the Friedenskirche” , accessed on January 28, 2016
- ^ Architects and Engineers Association in Düsseldorf (ed.): Düsseldorf and its buildings. L. Schwann, Düsseldorf 1904, p. 132
- ↑ Our pictures: (...) the visit of our emperor's son this time also applies to the handover of the magnificent wall paintings (...) , in Rhine and Düssel (No. 19), on May 12, 1907, p. 8
- ^ Architects and Engineers Association in Düsseldorf (ed.): Düsseldorf and its buildings. L. Schwann, Düsseldorf 1904, p. 133.
- ↑ Verkehrsverein Düsseldorf (ed.): Guide through Düsseldorf am Rhein and its surroundings , Düsseldorfer Verl.-Anst., Düsseldorf 1904.
- ↑ Evangelische Friedens-Kirchengemeinde Düsseldorf (Friedenskirche) - The time of reconstruction
- ↑ Evangelische Friedens-Kirchengemeinde Düsseldorf (Friedenskirche) - organ of the Friedenskirche
literature
- Architects and Engineers Association of Düsseldorf (ed.): Düsseldorf and its buildings. L. Schwann, Düsseldorf 1904, pp. 129-134.
- Rudolf Burckhardt: Eduard von Gebhardt's wall paintings in the Friedenskirche in Düsseldorf. Pestalozzihaus, Düsseldorf 1908. Digitized edition of the University and State Library Düsseldorf
- Jörg AE Heimeshoff : Listed houses in Düsseldorf, with garden and ground monuments. Nobel, Essen 2001, p. 341.
Web links
- Website of the community
- Entry in the monument list of the state capital Düsseldorf at the Institute for Monument Protection and Preservation
Coordinates: 51 ° 12 ′ 42.3 " N , 6 ° 46 ′ 17.9" E