Eduard von Gebhardt

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Eduard von Gebhard , photo by Constantin Luck , Düsseldorf
Eduard von Gebhardt
Gravesite of Eduard and Klara von Gebhardt (2019)

Franz Karl Eduard von Gebhardt (born June 13, 1838 in Järva-Jaani , today Järva County , Estonia ; †  February 3, 1925 in Düsseldorf ), was a German painter and professor at the Düsseldorf Art Academy .

Life

Gebhardt was born as the son of Ferdinand Theodor von Gebhardt (* 1803) and his wife Wilhelmine, geb. von Glehn (* 1808), born. From the age of 16 he attended the St. Petersburg Academy for three years and then spent two years partly traveling and partly in Karlsruhe , where he attended art school. In 1860 he came to Düsseldorf , where he became a pupil of Wilhelm Sohn and found such support from the same that he decided to stay in Düsseldorf and became a friend of Son's immediate neighbor on Rosenstrasse. The painters Ernest Preyer , Otto Rethel , Ernst Bosch and Heinrich Mücke had their homes and studios a few houses away . In the summer of 1872 Gebhardt married the young Düsseldorf girl Klara Jungnick (born March 31, 1851, † November 6, 1897).

Gebhardt became a professor at the Düsseldorf Academy in 1873 and trained numerous students as such. On the occasion of his 70th birthday, the Eduard Schulte gallery in Berlin , Unter den Linden 75/76, organized a large Gebhardt exhibition. Gebhardt received a gold medal at the Great Berlin Art Exhibition in 1918, and a memorial exhibition honored him in 1925 . The city of Düsseldorf granted him honorary citizenship . The Gebhardts' grave lies on the million hill (field 62) of the north cemetery in Düsseldorf .

After his death, his house on Rosenstrasse 41 became a retirement home for artists of the Association of Düsseldorf Artists for Mutual Support and Help , of which he had been a member. In Essen and Wuppertal a Gebhardtstraße is named after him.

Act

His inclination, already through his upbringing, was directed from the beginning on religious topics, but he wanted to give religious painting a national content in connection with the realistic view of art of his time. He treated the biblical scenes from the point of view of the Dutch and German masters of the 15th and 16th centuries, giving the figures not only the costume and appearance of the people of that era, but also characterizing them according to the artistic patterns of the time.

Meyer's Großes Konversations-Lexikon from 1907 rated his work accordingly: “What he gained in depth, simplicity and truth of feeling, he gave up in terms of beauty and ideality of representation, which is why his creations have met fierce opponents as well as eager admirers. In recent times, however, these contradictions have been balanced out by the change in the view of art towards realism, and Ernst Gebhardt's presentation has received general recognition. "

He was part of the selection of contemporary artists that the “Committee for the Procurement and Evaluation of Stollwerck Pictures” suggested to the Cologne chocolate producer Ludwig Stollwerck to commission them with drafts. At the turn of the century, in 1900, Eduard Gebhardt designed the Lukas trademark for all products of the Lukas artist paints from the artist paints and canvas factory Dr. Ms. Schoenfeld & Co. in Düsseldorf.

Works

The Rich Man and Poor Lazarus (1865)
The raising of Lazarus (1896)

His works are divided into religious paintings and representations from the Reformation period. Important pictures of the first group are:

  • Jesus and the disciples on the stormy sea (1853, Museum Kunstpalast , Düsseldorf)
  • Christ's Entry into Jerusalem (1863, Von der Heydt-Museum , Wuppertal)
  • The Raising of the Daughter of Jairus (1864, Krupp painting collection, Villa Hügel )
  • The Rich Man and Poor Lazarus (1865, now in the Crocker Art Museum, Sacramento )
  • Christ on the Cross (1866, Tallinn Cathedral , repeated in 1884 for the Alexander Church (Narva) ),
  • The Last Supper (1870, Berlin National Gallery ; major work in which the realistic inclination of the painter is considered to be happily combined with the dignity of the religious motif),
  • Crucifixion (1873, Hamburger Kunsthalle ),
  • Christ and the Disciples of Emmaus (1876),
  • Ascension of Christ (1881, Berlin National Gallery, main work),
  • Lamentation of the body of Christ (1884),
  • The twelve-year-old Christ in the Temple (1895, Museum Kunstpalast),
  • The Raising of Lazarus (1896, Museum Kunstpalast),
  • Jesus and the disciples on the stormy sea , 1902, lost.

Some of his pictures on topics from the Reformation period include: Religious Discussion , The Reformer at Work , German Housewife , The Monastery Students (1882).

Other important works include the painting of the lay refectory of the Loccum Abbey near Wunstorf from 1884–1891, the murals Healing of the Gouty People and Wedding at Cana , and the painting of the Düsseldorf Church of Peace from 1899–1907 , which is only preserved in fragments . Crown Prince Friedrich Wilhelm , protector of the German National Art Exhibition in the Kunstpalast , was present for the inauguration of the wall paintings in the church on May 11, 1907. Other murals by Gebhardt can be found in the chapel of the north cemetery in Düsseldorf . Wall paintings in the Petrikirche (Mülheim) , which was redesigned in 1912/13, have not survived.

Student (selection)

See also

literature

Web links

Commons : Eduard von Gebhardt  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ v. Gebhard, painter, Rosenstrasse 41; Sohn, Prof., Rosenstrasse 43; Bosch, painter, Rosenstrasse 35; Preyer, painter, Rosenstrasse 37; Rethel, painter, Rosenstrasse 38; Mücke, Prof, a. D. Rosenstrasse 27d , in the address book of the Lord Mayor's Office Düsseldorf 1875, p. 68.
  2. ^ Civil status of the mayor's office in Düsseldorf from July 26, 1872 - promise of marriage: painter Ed. by Gebhardt and Klara Jungnick , in Düsseldorfer Volksblatt (No. 92), from August 1, 1872.
  3. ↑ Königlich Privilegirte Berlinische Zeitung von Staats- und schehrten Dinge (select right page; p. 3.); Retrieved April 20, 2015.
  4. ↑ Rosenstrasse 41, (E Stadt Düsseldorf) Eduard von Gebhardt-Heim, old people's home for artists from the Association of Düsseldorf Artists zgUuH , in address book of the city of Düsseldorf, 1926, p. 284.
  5. ↑ Malerviertel Essen: by Gebhardt ( memento from July 24, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) in the malerviertel-essen.de portal , accessed on October 1, 2019.
  6. ^ History of the Gebhardtstrasse elementary school in Wuppertal-Vohwinkel. Retrieved October 1, 2019 .
  7. ^ Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon, Volume 7. Leipzig 1907, pp. 406-407. Retrieved July 16, 2020.
  8. ↑ Lorenz, Detlef: Reklamekunst um 1900. Artist lexicon for collecting pictures. Reimer-Verlag, 2000.
  9. ↑ Design of the sign of Lukas colors ( memento from April 19, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) accessed on October 1, 2019
  10. ^ History of the Friedenskirche , accessed December 10, 2009
  11. ^ On the opening of the German National Art Exhibition: Kronprinz Friedrich Wilhelm , in Rhein und Düssel (No. 19), from May 12, 1907, p. 1
  12. ↑ Our pictures: (...) the visit of our emperor's son this time also applies to the handover of the magnificent wall paintings (...) , in Rhine and Düssel (No. 19), on May 12, 1907, p. 8
  13. ^ Ernst Haiger: "A place of beautiful and noble art": The redesign of the Petrikirche 1912/13 . - In: Baukunst in Mülheim an der Ruhr = magazine of the historical association Mülheim an der Ruhr 91/2016, pp. 115–189.
  14. ↑ Ulrich S. Soénius (Ed.): Kölner Personen-Lexikon . Greven-Verl, Cologne 2008, ISBN 978-3-7743-0400-0 , p. 433 .

This article is based on a text in the public domain from Meyers Konversations-Lexikon , 4th edition from 1888 to 1890.

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personal data
SURNAME Gebhardt, Eduard von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Gebhardt, Eduard; Gebhardt, Franz Karl Eduard; Gebhardt, Franz Karl Eduard von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German painter and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH June 13, 1838
PLACE OF BIRTH Järva-Jaani , now Järva County , Estonia
DATE OF DEATH February 3, 1925
Place of death Dusseldorf