Anton Räderscheidt

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Hubert Anton Räderscheidt (born October 11, 1892 in Cologne ; † March 8, 1970 there ) was a German painter of the New Objectivity .

Life

Anton Räderscheidt was born on October 11, 1892 as one of seven children of the dialect poet Wilhelm Räderscheidt and his wife Elisabeth (née Beckmann) in Cologne am Blaubach . Anton Räderscheidt, who, according to his father's wishes, was to become a teacher or civil servant, first went to the Cologne School of Applied Arts in 1910 after graduating from secondary school (the later Cologne Werkschulen ). He then attended a drawing teacher seminar with Lothar von Kunowski at the Kunstgewerbeschule Düsseldorf and later studied with Eduard von Gebhardt at the Kunstakademie Düsseldorf .

In 1913 he opened his first studio on Richard-Wagner-Strasse in Cologne . As a participant in the First World War , he had to interrupt his studies. In the Battle of Verdun he was badly wounded by grenades and unfit for duty. In 1917 he continued his training and in the same year passed his state examination as a drawing teacher with distinction. From autumn 1917 he completed a two-year legal traineeship at a grammar school in Cologne-Mülheim .

In 1918 he married the artist Marta Hegemann . From 1919 he earned his living as a freelance artist and made the acquaintance of Franz Wilhelm Seiwert , Heinrich Hoerle , Hans Arp and Wilhelm Fick , among others . With these and others he founded the group Stupid . With the members of the group, Anton Räderscheidt organized exhibitions in his studio at Hildeboldplatz No. 9. In 1920 he exhibited his first pictures at a public exhibition.

In 1932 he founded the avant-garde group 32 with Seiwert, Hoerle, Davringhausen and Ludwig Egidius Ronig, which was disbanded a year later .

In 1934 he studied at the German Academy in Rome and separated from Marta Hegemann.

When the National Socialists came to power, who viewed German modernism as degenerate , the pictures in the museums were either destroyed or sold. Most of Anton Räderscheidt's pictures also suffered this fate. He fled into exile with his new partner Ilse Salberg-Metzger , who was Jewish, to Paris and later to Sanary and left his wife (Marta Hegemann) and their two sons in Cologne. In exile, Anton Räderscheidt lived in constant fear that the National Socialists might also take power in France. After the German occupation of France , he was held as an undesirable foreigner in the Les Milles internment camp. There he met other artists such as Hans Arp and Wols . He managed to escape and fled to Switzerland in 1942 with his new partner Ilse Salberg . His studio in Paris was looted, and again many pictures disappeared.

After Ilse Salberg's death, he returned to Paris in 1947. There he met Gisèle Boucherie (née Ribreau) and moved with her to Cologne in 1949. He had his last studio on Landsbergstrasse in Cologne's old town . In 1963 he and Gisèle Boucherie married.

Grave of Anton u. Pascal Räderscheidt at the Melaten cemetery (Lit. V) 2015

From his marriage to Marta Hegemann there were two sons (Johann Paul Ferdinand (* 1919) and Karl-Anton * 1924) and his granddaughter Maf Räderscheidt , from his second marriage to Gisèle Boucherie the sons Vincent Michel (* 1949) and Pascal Antoine (1953 –2014).

Anton Räderscheidt suffered a stroke on September 24, 1967, after which he suffered from neglect (impaired perception of one side of the environment). The self-portraits that followed show how his perception was completed bit by bit. He died in 1970 at the age of 77 and was buried in the family grave of his parents in Cologne's southern cemetery. In 1984 his wife Gisèle had the urn of the deceased transferred to the Melaten cemetery . In August 2010, his grave was accidentally leveled (a grave called "Radeschadt" was to be cleared), but the urn was recovered and later transferred to a place in Path V. When his wife Gisèle died in 2016, she was buried a few more graves in the same section.

Works (selection)

Some of the missing pictures could be found again. In total, Anton Räderscheidt's estate includes around 1,500 paintings, but many of the paintings have disappeared from the painter's most important period.

Found again

  • 1923 - Still life with a red tulip
  • 1925 - lemon with water glass
  • 1926 - Self-portrait with bowler hat in landscape
  • 1926 - Still life with a lobster
  • 1926 - high diver (missing since 1933)
  • 1928 - Paul Multhaupt .
  • 1928 - self-portrait , (oil on canvas, 100 × 80 cm)
  • 1929 - Gertrud Lüttke b. Curjel
  • 1934 - Sunflowers / Sunflowers
  • 1938 - Portrait of Ilse Salberg
  • 1939 - Black child in big arms
  • 1939 - The widow
  • 1946 - Oil pastel with tempera
  • 1951 - Bouquet of flowers in Moulin Milon
  • 1954 - Poitiers

Missing

  • 1919 - Rosa Luxemburg

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Ulrich S. Soénius (Ed.): Kölner Personen-Lexikon . Greven-Verl, Cologne 2008, ISBN 978-3-7743-0400-0 , p. 433 .
  2. ↑ a b c d Olaf Peters:  Räderscheidt, Hubert Anton. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 21, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-428-11202-4 , p. 106 f. ( Digitized version ).
  3. ↑ a b Eduard Prüssen (linocuts), Werner Schäfke and Günter Henne (texts): Cologne heads . 1st edition. University and City Library, Cologne 2010, ISBN 978-3-931596-53-8 , pp. 50 .
  4. ↑ "Ludwig E. Ronig, Painting Drawing" exhibition catalog, guide of the Rheinisches Landesmuseum Bonn by Sylvia Böhmer and Gabriele Lueg on behalf of the Rhineland Regional Council 1984, Rheinland-Verlag GmbH, Cologne Lithos: Peukert & Co, Cologne Printing: B. Kühlen KG, Mönchengladbach ISBN 3-7927-0833-7 .
  5. ↑ Neglect: Deceptive perception after the attack of sleep. Retrieved April 22, 2017 .
  6. ↑ KStA.de of August 5, 2010 on the leveling of the grave site , accessed on July 22, 2016.
  7. ↑ Inge Wozelka: Long way to the last rest . In: Kölner Stadt-Anzeiger . December 8, 2019, p. 12 .
  8. ^ Grave of Gisele Boucherie Räderscheidt (1924-2016). In: findagrave.com. Retrieved December 10, 2017 .
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personal data
SURNAME Räderscheidt, Anton
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Räderscheidt, Hubert Anton (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German modern painter
DATE OF BIRTH October 11, 1892
PLACE OF BIRTH Cologne
DATE OF DEATH March 8, 1970
Place of death Cologne