Friedrich Wilhelm nun

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Friedrich Wilhelm Nonne (also: Wilhelm Nonne ; * in the 19th or 20th century ; † after 1965) was a German businessman , employee of the Hanover Police Department , civil servant perpetrator of the Holocaust and employee in the Gestapo's Jewish department in Hanover .

Life

Wilhelm Nonne became a member of the NSDAP already during the Weimar Republic in 1931 . In 1933, the year the National Socialists seized power , he also became a member of the SS . In the following year, the address book of the city of Hanover from 1934 recorded him for the first time, but at the same time also as head of the household in the apartment on the second floor at Ubbenstraße 4 in what would later become Hanover's Mitte district . At the same time, he worked as an authorized signatory in the Otto Nonne company located at Osterstraße 1 , which was listed by the merchant of the same name and owner of the Pfannenschmid & Nonne company at the - then - address Bödekerstraße 41 on the third floor.

In 1939 Nun joined the Gestapo. After the start of the Lauterbacher campaign , through which most of the Hanoverian people of Jewish faith were penned into one of the 15 so-called Hanoverian “ Jewish houses ”, Nonne and Hans Bremer directly participated in “brutal riots” against his victims.

Since the beginning of the deportations of Hanoverian Jews from December 15, 1941, for which the previously ghettoized Jews were first brought from their mass quarters to the collection point in Ahlem in the previous Israelite Horticultural School , Kriminalrat Wilhelm Karg and the director were present Place Gestapo commissioner Ernst Avemarg also the Gestapo people Christian Heinrichsmeier , Hans Bremer, Vidor Fürst and in turn Friedrich Wilhelm Nonne. Nun was involved in the first three deportations; and also "[...] among the Jewish deportees, nun was feared as a brutal sadist ."

As a result of the first deportation from Hanover, more than 1,000 people were murdered in extermination camps, such as the Riga Ghetto , or otherwise died there. One of the few survivors was Helmut Fürst , whose neighbor, a nun, had previously been in Bödekerstrasse.

Meanwhile, from August 1942, Nun worked in the Jewish department in Hanover. Although he only served there as a simple employee, he quickly fought for a privileged position.

In 1942 Nun was transferred to the department for Eastern workers , where he remained active until 1945. During this time, after the Allies landed in Normandy in World War II , the 31-year-old medical sergeant Kurt Fuhr, born in Bad Pyrmont , was captured in France. Almost two months after his capture, on September 27, 1944, Fuhr reported to British interrogators as an eyewitness about the previous harassment of Gestapo officer Wilhelm Nonne against his Jewish victims: “He enjoyed it”, literally in English: “He enjoyed it . "

The former Gestapo officer Friedrich Wilhelm Nonne was arrested after the war and brought to court in 1952. In the trial he was convicted of crimes against humanity , extortion of testimony and bodily harm in office after the taking of evidence on the basis of Control Council Act No. 10 , but one later The sentence was described as scandalously low to only seven years in prison, although the reasons for the sentence stated that

“That the defendant has acted on his victims in a particularly raw and brutal manner. In addition, the fact that he repeatedly mistreated his numerous victims on a particularly large scale is aggravating the punishment. In addition, he delighted in the great suffering of the people he abused [...] "

- Anke Quast : After the liberation. Jewish communities in Lower Saxony since 1945. The example of Hanover

In fact, however, Nun had served less than three years of his sentence and was released from prison in 1954 with four years probation.

In a later questioning as a witness in the case of 13-year-old Werner Schneemann from Hamelner Chaussee (later: Am Tönniesberg 9 ) who was shot on April 7, 1945 at Linden-Fischerhof station , the former SS-Oberscharführer Nonne was also heard in 1965 - however without result regarding the perpetrator.

literature

  • Siegfried Otto Frohner (eds.), Horst Dralle, Stefan Krause, Janet von Stillfried (collaborators): Friedrich Wilhelm Nonne , in this: Ahlemer Histories , published by Siegfried Otto Frohner on behalf of the Ahlem local group in the Heimatbund Niedersachsen eV, [Kaufering ]: xlibri.de book production, [2015?], ISBN 978-3-940190-95-6 and ISBN 3-940190-95-0 , p. 151f.

Archival material

Archives by and about Friedrich Wilhelm Nonne can be found, for example

  • as a file under the title criminal proceedings against Friedrich Wilhelm Nonne, Hanover public prosecutor's office (2 KLs 3/52) in the Lower Saxony State Archives (Hanover location) , archive signature Nds 721 Hanover Acc 3/76 No. 33

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Compare the address book of the city of Hanover from 1934, Part I, p. 331 as a digitized version of the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Library - Lower Saxony State Library (GWLB)
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j o. V .: Nun Wilhelm / employee in the Jewish department of the Gestapo Hanover on the Yad Vashem website [undated], last accessed on July 19, 2018
  3. ↑ a b Michael Jürging: Die Brücke und der Tod , illustrated article on the Lebensraum-linden.de page from October 10, 2014, last accessed on July 19, 2018
  4. ↑ a b c Wolfgang Scheffler , Diana Schulle (arr.): Book of memories. The German, Austrian and Czechoslovak Jews Deported to the Baltic States , Vol. 1, ed. from the "Volksbund Deutsche Kriegsgräberfürsorge eV" and the "Riga Committee of German Cities" together with the Foundation "New Synagogue Berlin - Centrum Judaicum" and the memorial "House of the Wannsee Conference", Munich: KG Saur, 2003, ISBN 978- 3-598-11618-6 and ISBN 3-598-11618-7 , pp. 768f., 774; limited preview in Google Book search
  5. ↑ a b c d e f Anke Quast: After the liberation. Jewish communities in Lower Saxony since 1945. The example of Hanover (= publications of the Working Group on the History of Lower Saxony (after 1945) , Vol. 17), also dissertation 1999 at the University of Hanover, Göttingen: Wallstein-Verlag, 1999, ISBN 978-3- 89244-447-3 and ISBN 3-89244-447-1 , p. 327; limited preview in Google Book search
  6. ↑ Compare the address book of the city of Hanover from 1933, Part I, p. 344 as a digitized version of the GWLB
  7. ↑ Helmut Zimmermann : Ubbenstraße , in ders .: The street names of the state capital Hanover . Verlag Hahnsche Buchhandlung, Hannover 1992, ISBN 3-7752-6120-6 , p. 248
  8. ^ Peter Schulze : Action Lauterbacher. In: Klaus Mlynek, Waldemar R. Röhrbein (eds.) U. a .: City Lexicon Hanover . From the beginning to the present. Schlütersche, Hannover 2009, ISBN 978-3-89993-662-9 , p. 17.
  9. ^ A b Peter Schulze: Deportations of Jews. In: Stadtlexikon Hannover , p. 124
  10. ↑ Martina Mußmann (Red.), Matthias Horndasch , Helmut Fürst: I was German like everyone else! Matthias Horndasch in conversation with contemporary witness and Holocaust survivor Helmut Fürst (= series of publications by the Ahlem Memorial , Vol. 6), ed. from the Region Hannover, Team Culture, Hannover: Region Hannover, 2008, ISBN 978-3-00-024079-9 , p. 20 and so on.
  11. ^ "New sources on the Riga deportation from Hanover on December 15, 1941." A lecture by Hans-Dieter Schmid in the New Town Hall Hanover on December 15, 2016. In: Newsletter. Reports - Information - Debate , ed. from the network remembrance + future in the Hanover region, circular from January 2017; as a PDF document from netzwerk-erinnerungundzukunft.de
  12. ^ Marlis Buchholz : The Hanoverian Jewish houses. On the situation of the Jews in the period of ghettoization and persecution from 1941 to 1945 (= sources and representations on the history of Lower Saxony , vol. 101), Hildesheim: August Lax, 1987, ISBN 978-3-7848-3501-3 and ISBN 3-7848 -3501-5 , p. 23; limited preview in Google Book search
personal data
SURNAME Nun, Friedrich Wilhelm
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Nun, Wilhelm
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German businessman and civil servant
DATE OF BIRTH 19th century or 20th century
DATE OF DEATH after 1965