Pop acid
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| Mesomeric boundary structures of acidic acid | |||||||||||||
| General | |||||||||||||
| Surname | Pop acid | ||||||||||||
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| Molecular formula | HCNO | ||||||||||||
| Brief description |
toxic, easily decomposable gas |
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| Molar mass | 43.03 g mol −1 | ||||||||||||
| Physical state |
gaseous |
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| As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . | |||||||||||||
Free pop acid , also known as fulmic acid , is a poisonous, decomposable gas with a penetrating odor with the empirical formula HCNO. It is a Cyansauerstoffsäure , ie chemically considered an oxide of hydrogen cyanide .
History and structure
Justus Liebig discovered the pop acid in 1824 and formulated it as H 2 C 2 N 2 O 2 . Friedrich Wöhler found the isomeric cyanic acid a year later. In 1891, Roland Scholl determined the structure through reactions in which knallic acid rearranges to derivatives of cyanic acid. Furthermore, its cleavage into formic acid and hydroxylamine apparently demonstrated the oxime character (carbon monoxide oxime) of the popic acid as HONC and contradicted the form O 2 NCH 2 CN postulated by Kekule , of nitroacetonitrile . Recent structural studies then showed linear assemblage of the molecule as HCNO (analogous to hydrocyanic acid HCN), with a C-N triple bond , the isomeric whereas Isoknallsäure HONC is angled.
presentation
Knall acid can be produced by treating an aqueous solution of sodium fulminate with dilute sulfuric acid while cooling with ice.
properties
Pop acid is isomeric to isomeric acid (HONC), cyanic acid (HOCN) and isocyanic acid (HNCO). The colorless, poisonous pop acid is only stable at low temperatures and easily polymerizes to diisocyanic acid. The salts of acidic acid are called fulminates .
use
No industrial use is known for the free acid. Fulminates like mercury fulminate ( fiery mercury ) and silver fulminate ( fiery silver ) are used as initiators for other explosives due to their high explosiveness .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Entry on acidic acid. In: Römpp Online . Georg Thieme Verlag, accessed on December 25, 2014.
- ↑ This substance has either not yet been classified with regard to its hazardousness or a reliable and citable source has not yet been found.
- ↑ R. Escales, A. Stettbacher: Initialexplosivstoffe , 1917, ISBN 3-8311-3939-3 .
- ^ AF Holleman , E. Wiberg , N. Wiberg : Textbook of Inorganic Chemistry . 101st edition. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 1995, ISBN 3-11-012641-9 .
- ^ A b Karl-Heinz Lautenschläger, Werner Schröter: Taschenbuch der Chemie . Harri Deutsch Verlag 2007, ISBN 9783817117611 , p. 457 ( limited online copy in the Google book search).