Pevestorf site
The Pevestorf site is a multi-period archaeological site in Pevestorf in north-eastern Lower Saxony . The site on the edge of the Höhbeck elevation was discovered in 1961 when a house was being built. During the excavations carried out by the Lower Saxony State Museum from 1963 on , grave fields and settlement remains were documented. The relics found come from eight prehistoric and early historical epochs, from the Mesolithic around 10,000 BC. Until the medieval period around the 10th century AD.
location
Pevestorf is located on the southeastern edge of the Höhbeck on the steep drop to the Elbe valley . The Pevestorf site is located at the southern end of the village on the coniferous hill of the Hasenberg. It is a triangular plateau with an area of half a hectare , which towers over the Elbe lowlands by around 15 meters. In the north of the Hasenberg the Höhbeck rises and in the west there is a wide erosion basin . The location is flood-proof and has been visited by people over the course of millennia. The hillside terraces of the Höhbeck and the lower terraces of the Elbe Valley were suitable for arable farming . The Hasenberg site is now publicly owned and is an excavation reserve.
Discovery and excavation
In 1961, when a house was being built on the Hasenberg in Pevestorf, individual historical vessels and shards were found in the excavation pit . A local curator who was brought in came across other finds and the remains of a grave. In 1963, archaeological investigations by the Lower Saxony State Museum from Hanover under the direction of Chief Custodian Klaus Ludwig Voss began at the site officially known as the Pevestorf 19 (Pe 19) site . First of all, two search cuts were made in the ground, which soon merged into an extensive excavation and covered an area of 1150 m³. Further excavations were carried out in seven campaigns in the following years up to 1969 and one last in 1974.
Find complexes
The small plateau of the Hasenberg was visited by people for thousands of years for different purposes. In three to four different epochs it served as a burial place, in one epoch as arable land and in three periods as a settlement area. Post systems , which were presumably related to graves, were set up twice .
The individual find horizons and the finds are:
- In the lowest layers of the find, around 250 flint articles were found, which, due to their location in the ground, roughly date from the late Upper Paleolithic and the Mesolithic around 10,000 BC. Be assigned.
- A grave field with 38 body and 15 cremation burials was discovered from the Neolithic Age . These included 3 ritual burials and 13 cremation graves. In the body graves there were 628 objects made of amber , including mainly pearls that were given to the dead as jewelry. In addition, copper spirals were found in four graves and 16 flint axes and chisels in 12 body graves. Investigations using the radiocarbon method on several charcoal objects revealed a time around 2400 BC. In the floor there was an oval circle of posts about 3 meters in diameter, which may have been covered due to a central post or which was a platform. In terms of location, he referred to the Neolithic burial ground. On the basis of the remains of the urn found, references to the burial site to the spherical amphora culture , the Bernburg culture and the Schönfeld culture can be recognized.
- In an end-Neolithic Early Bronze Age find horizon from around 1800 BC. In addition to two grave pits, the ground plan of a post building measuring 13 × 5 meters was found. There were also finds from the early Aunjetitz culture with influences from the dagger time and the giant cup horizon . There were 56 post holes in the floor , which formed a circular post circle 13 meters in diameter. As an earlier building can be excluded due to the large span, a cultic background is assumed for these postings.
- Early to Younger Bronze Age
- From the time of the Early Bronze Age, there are scratch marks of a hook plow in the ground .
- Younger Bronze Age
- A cremation grave field with at least 18 safe and 12 other possible burials was found from period IV of the Younger Bronze Age, which had shallow and barrows. A shank button, a bangle and a Mecklenburg plate brooch were found on metal objects as grave goods.
- Younger Bronze Age
- A house floor plan could be assigned to period V of the younger Bronze Age.
- Early Iron Age
- The remains of two buildings from the early Iron Age could be found, dating from 800-450 BC. Includes. In one case it was a three-aisled nave about 20 meters long and 8 meters wide.
- Findings of Slavic fragments from the Menkendorfer Group from the 9th and 10th centuries are evidence of Slavic settlement in the Middle Ages.
presentation
The site on the Hasenberg is not marked or signposted. About 1.5 km south of Pevestorf on the road between Restorf and Gartow , a circle of posts with a diameter of 13 meters was set up by the Lower Saxony Elbe Valley Biosphere Reserve in 2015 for tourist reasons . It is from the circle of posts from the early Bronze Age discovered at the Pevestorf site, around 1800 BC. Modeled after. According to the signs, the Pevestorferanlage is similar to the English Woodhenge .
Due to the sudden death of excavation manager Klaus Ludwig Voss in 1982 at the age of 53, he was unable to present the results of his archaeological investigations himself. At the end of the 1980s, the prehistorian Michael Meyer took on the excavations and received his doctorate in 1990 with a thesis on "Pevestorf 19 site. A multi-period site in the Lüchow-Dannenberg district " at the Philipps University of Marburg .
literature
- Michael Meyer : Pevestorf 19. A multi-period site in the Lüchow-Dannenberg district . Oldenburg 1993, (Publications of the Prehistoric Collections of the Landesmuseum zu Hannover, Volume 41) ISBN 3-89442-163-0
Web links
- Overview photo with the Hasenberg and the excavation site, 1964
- Uncovered excavation area, 1964
- View of details of the excavation area, 1964
- House floor plan of the Aunjetitz culture in the Lower Saxony Monument Atlas
Individual evidence
- ↑ "Woodhenge" in brief between Restorf and Gartow at wendland.net from February 6, 2015
Coordinates: 53 ° 3 ′ 22 ″ N , 11 ° 27 ′ 6 ″ E