Gabriel Walser
Gabriel Walser (born May 18, 1695 in Wolfhalden ; † May 8, 1776 in Berneck SG ) was a Swiss pastor , historian and geographer .
Life
Gabriel Walser was the son of Gabriel Walser (pastor in Teufen and Wolfhalden) and Katharina Zellweger. He began studying theology in Basel in 1712 and passed his exams there in 1717 after studying in Marburg, Tübingen, Jena and Halle.
In 1718 he married Maria Elisabeth Zollikofer, who came from a noble St. Gallen family. In 1721 he was elected pastor of Speicher . In the land trade he was active on the side of the defeated linden trees and was therefore sentenced to a fine in 1732. In 1745 he took over the pastor's position in Berneck, which he held until the end of his life.
plant
In addition to his work as a pastor, Gabriel Walser wrote the old and new Appenzeller writing calendars for the years 1738 to 1745, a collection with generally understandable scientific, historical and narrative content.
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His main work was the self-published Neue Appenzeller-Chronick or Description of the Canton Appenzell der Innern- and Aussern-Rooden in 1740 . This canton's history since Roman times also included geographical descriptions including a map of the Land of Appenzell and contained various documents from the years 1378 to 1667 as well as a list of officials in the appendix. Walser's chronicle is an extension and continuation of the Appenzell chronicle of Pastor Bartholome Bischoffsberger from Trogen, which extends up to 1682 .
After numerous trips through Eastern and Central Switzerland, Walser drew maps of the cantons of Lucerne, Uri, Schwyz, Glarus and Appenzell as well as Graubünden for the Augsburg publisher Seutter. For the atlas Novus Reipublicae Helveticae published in Nuremberg in 1769 , based on maps by Johann Jakob Scheuchzer , Hans Konrad Gyger and others, he created fifteen sheets in the years 1763 to 1768, which included the 18 cantons of the Old Confederation (excluding Schaffhausen) and the areas of St. Gallen, Graubünden and Valais covered. Walser did not carry out any measurements on this, but his maps represent a slight improvement in quality compared to Scheuchzer's maps. In 1770, Walser's Schweitzer geography and the peculiarities in the Alps and high mountains appeared in Zurich .
literature
- B. Studer: History of the physical geography of Switzerland. Bern / Zurich 1863.
- Rud. Wolf: History of Surveys in Switzerland. Zurich 1879.
- Georg von Wyss: History of Historiography in Switzerland. Zurich 1895.
- Johannes Dierauer : Walser, Gabriel . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 41, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1896, pp. 16-18.
- Arthur Dürst : Gabriel Walser and the Swiss Atlas from 1769. Dorfpresse, Gattikon 1969.
- Arthur Dürst: The meaning of Gabriel Walser's cards. In: Geographica Helvetica , 25, 2, 1970, pp. 88-89 ( digitized version ).
- Jakob Altherr: Gabriel Walser (1695–1776): pastor, chronicler, geographer and cartographer. In: Das Land Appenzell , Issue 24. Verlag Appenzeller Hefte, Herisau 1994, ISBN 978-3-85882-119-5 .
- Karin Marti-Weissenbach: Walser, Gabriel. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
Web links
Individual evidence
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Walser, Gabriel |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Swiss pastor, historian and geographer |
| DATE OF BIRTH | May 18, 1695 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Wolf heaps |
| DATE OF DEATH | May 8, 1776 |
| Place of death | Berneck SG |