Gaius Norbanus Flaccus (consul 38 BC)

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Gaius Norbanus Flaccus was a politician of the late Roman Republic and 38 BC. Chr. Consul .

Life

Gaius Norbanus Flaccus, whose father also used the prenomen Gaius , was probably a son of around 83 BC. Mint master Gaius Norbanus and grandson of the consul of the same name from 83 BC. Chr.

The first known office of Norbanus Flaccus' cursus honorum is his praetur , which he gave in 43 BC. BC (possibly as early as 44 BC) exercised. In this capacity, he issued a series of gold coins together with Lucius Cestius .

42 BC BC Norbanus Flaccus fought on the side of the triumvirs Marcus Antonius and Octavian (the later Emperor Augustus ) against the Caesar murderers Marcus Junius Brutus and Gaius Cassius Longinus . Despite the superiority of the Republicans at sea, Norbanus Flaccus and Lucius Decidius Saxa succeeded in about the middle of 42 BC. To sail through the Ionian Sea to Macedonia with a military vanguard of eight legions . They landed on the unguarded coast there, marched eastward on the Via Egnatia via Thessalonike and Philippi to the Nestos River in Thrace and occupied the coastal passes there. But then they encountered the numerically much stronger troops of Brutus and Cassius advancing towards them. While the Caesar murderer Lucius Tillius Cimber , commanding a squadron, undertook a landing maneuver in the south of the position of Norbanus Flaccus and Decidius Saxa, these were bypassed by the superior republican army in the north on mountain paths. In time, the sub-generals of the Triumvirs were able to retreat to Amphipolis and maintain this position until Antonius arrived there with the main forces. After Brutus and Cassius had been defeated by the triumvirs in the two battles near Philippi and had committed suicide (October / November 42 BC), Norbanus Flaccus took the place of the sick Octavian as the commander in chief of his troops.

In recognition of his achievements for the triumvirs, Norbanus Flaccus was allowed to 38 BC. The consulate, where he had Appius Claudius Pulcher as an official. 36 BC He replaced Gnaeus Domitius Calvinus as governor of Spain and administered this country in the position of proconsul until 34 BC. Because of his successful battles there, about the course of which there is no news, he was given permission to fight on October 12, 34 BC. To hold a triumph . Possibly he founded Norba Caesarina in Spain, today's Cáceres .

From around 31 BC BC Norbanus Flaccus headed the province of Asia . He sent letters to the magistrates of Sardis and Ephesus , informing them of Octavian's order that the Jews should not be prevented from paying the temple tax to Jerusalem . A statue was erected for him in Pergamon . Furthermore, his name is mentioned among the witnesses of a 25 BC. The first to be mentioned was the Senate Consultation issued by the Senate concerning the city ​​of Mytilene on Lesbos .

Norbanus Flaccus had a son of the same name , who also enjoyed the favor of Augustus and 24 BC. Held the consulate.

literature

Remarks

  1. ↑ Gaius Norbanus C. f. Flaccus : Triumphal Acts; Cassius Dio , index to book 48; among others
  2. ↑ Michael Crawford : Roman republican coinage . 1974, p. 372 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  3. ↑ Edmund Groag : Norbanus 9a). In: Paulys Realencyclopadie der classischen Antiquity Science (RE). Volume XVII, 1, Stuttgart 1936, Sp. 1270.
  4. ↑ On the dating cf. Thomas Robert Shannon Broughton : The magistrates of the Roman republic . Volume 2. New York 1952, p. 338. Volume 3. Atlanta 1986, p. 150.
  5. ↑ Michael Crawford: Roman republican coinage . 1974, pp. 500–501 ( limited preview in Google book search).
  6. ^ Appian , Civil Wars 4, 87; 4, 102ff .; 4, 106f .; Cassius Dio 47, 35f .; Plutarch , Brutus 38; on this Jochen Bleicken : Augustus . Berlin 1998, ISBN 3-8286-0027-1 , pp. 160f .; Helmut Halfmann , Marcus Antonius , Darmstadt 2011, ISBN 978-3-89678-696-8 , p. 100.
  7. ^ Appian, Civil Wars 4, 130, 548.
  8. ^ Cassius Dio, index to book 48; 48, 43, 1; 49, 23, 1; among others
  9. ^ Thomas Robert Shannon Broughton: The magistrates of the Roman republic . Volume 3. Atlanta 1986, p. 150. Pedro Barceló : Norba [2]. In: The New Pauly (DNP). Volume 8, Metzler, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-476-01478-9 , Sp. 1000. The city could also be named after the consul of 83 BC. Be named.
  10. ↑ Philon of Alexandria , Legatio ad Gaium 40, 314f .; Flavius ​​Josephus , Jüdische Antiquities 16, 166; 16, 171.
  11. ↑ Inscriptions from Pergamon 2, 416 ( online ) = Inscriptiones Graecae ad res Romanas pertinentes 4, 428.
  12. ^ Inscriptiones Graecae (IG) 12, 2, 35 .
personal data
SURNAME Norbanus Flaccus, Gaius
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Flaccus, Gaius Norbanus
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Roman consul 38 BC Chr.
DATE OF BIRTH 1st century BC Chr.
DATE OF DEATH 1st century BC BC or 1st century