Galeottiella sarcoglossa
| Galeottiella sarcoglossa | ||||||||||||
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name of the sub-tribus | ||||||||||||
| Galeottiellinae | ||||||||||||
| Salazar & MWChase | ||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the genus | ||||||||||||
| Galeottiella | ||||||||||||
| Schltr. | ||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the species | ||||||||||||
| Galeottiella sarcoglossa | ||||||||||||
| ( A.Rich & Galeotti ) Schltr. |
Galeottiella sarcoglossa is an orchid from the mountains of Central America. They are small, perennial , herbaceous plants. Until 2004 it was the only species in the genus Galeottiella , which in turnformsits own subtribe . Thena second species was addedas Galeottiella orchioides , which had previously been placed in the genus Prescottia .
description
The terrestrial plants reach heights of about 40 centimeters. The roots arise in clusters at the base of the shoot. They are fleshy, cylindrical and somewhat hairy. Above ground, the stem axis bears some spiral leaves that are distributed on the stem . The leaves are sessile and include the stem with the leaf base. The blade is elongated-lanceolate in shape, at the pointed tip of the leaf, the leaf margins are somewhat transparent and warty. The texture of the leaves is quite hard, they stand stiffly upright. Three longitudinal leaf veins are somewhat sunk on the upper side, protruding on the underside of the leaf.
The stem axis continues above the leaves as a grape-shaped inflorescence . The flowering time is in the rainy season, roughly from August to November. Between the leaves and the flowers , a few bracts with ciliates on the edge sit on the inflorescence axis, which is initially hairless and hairy in the upper part. The flowers are resupinated , they are horizontal, roughly at right angles to the ovary, the greenish-white petals form a tube. The ovary is spindle-shaped, somewhat hairy, twisted, it points vertically upwards. The bracts are also ciliate at the edge, they almost completely enclose the ovary. The three outer petals are partially fused with each other, on the outside they are short hairy. The lateral sepals run down a bit at the base of the ovary and form a spur-like nectarium that has grown together with the ovary . The tip of the lateral sepals is turned back. The upper sepal is concave, the lateral petals adhere to it; together they form a hood over the flower. The fleshy lip is very narrow at the base, the blade is broad-spatulate with U-shaped, upwardly curved lateral edges. At the transition between the narrow and wide part, on the edge of the lip, there are two thickened areas that secrete nectar. The short column is slightly bent down at the top, at the base it ends in an extension (column base) that extends beyond the point of attachment at the ovary. The stamen lies parallel to the columnar axis. It contains four pollinia , which are held together on the underside by an adhesive disc (Viscidium). Between the stigma and the stamen there is a bilobed separating tissue (rostellum) and a fleshy staminodium .
The oval capsules stand upright. A striking number of flowers develop into fruits, but the observations do not speak for self-pollination. The seeds are spindle-shaped, pointed at one end and bluntly cut off at the other.
distribution
- Galeottiella sarcoglossa (A.Rich. & Galeotti) Schltr. (Syn .: Spiranthes sarcoglossa A.Rich. & Galeotti ) occurs in Mexico and Guatemala at high altitudes between 2,400 and 3,300 meters. It grows in humus-rich soils in light forests (associated with pines, oaks and firs) and grassy areas.
- Galeottiella orchioides (Lindl.) R.González ex Rutk., Mytnik & Szlach. (Syn .: Prescottia orchioides Lindl. ) Occurs in southwest Mexico.
Systematics and botanical history
The species was originally described as Spiranthes sarcoglossa and placed in its own genus by Rudolf Schlechter in 1920. The name honors the Belgian plant collector and botanist Henri Guillaume Galeotti (1814 - 1858). In the following, this species was assigned to various other genera, but it is not particularly closely related to any other genus in the tribe Cranichideae, confirmed by both morphological and genetic analyzes . It was therefore placed in its own subtribe Galeottiellinae (published 2002).
literature
The information in this article comes from:
- Alec M. Pridgeon, Phillip Cribb, Mark W. Chase, Finn Rasmussen (Eds.): Genera Orchidacearum. Orchidoideae (Part 2). Vanilloideae . tape 3/2 . Oxford University Press, New York and Oxford 2003, ISBN 0-19-850711-9 , pp. 164 ff .
- Gerardo A. Salazar, Mark W. Chase, Miguel A. Soto Arenas, Martin Ingrouille: Phylogenetics of Cranichideae with emphasis on Spiranthinae (Orchidaceae, Orchidoideae): evidence from plastid and nuclear DNA sequences . In: American Journal of Botany . tape 90 , 2003, p. 777-795 ( amjbot.org ).
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Galeottiella. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved July 11, 2018.
- ↑ Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names . Extended Edition. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin, Free University Berlin Berlin 2018. [1]