Gallus Spring
| Gallus Spring | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
 Gallus Spring |
||||
| location | ||||
| Country or region | District of Sigmaringen ( Baden-Württemberg ) | |||
| Coordinates | 48 ° 12 ′ 0 ″ N , 9 ° 12 ′ 53 ″ E | |||
|
||||
| geology | ||||
| Mountains | Swabian Alb | |||
| Source type | Karst spring | |||
| Hydrology | ||||
| River system | Danube | |||
| Receiving waters | Lauchert → Danube → Black Sea | |||
| Bulk | 470 l / s | |||
Coordinates: 48 ° 12 ′ 0 ″ N , 9 ° 12 ′ 53 ″ E
The Gallusquelle or Gallusbrunnen is a karst spring in the Hermentingen district of Veringenstadt on the Swabian Alb in Baden-Württemberg .
description
The Gallus spring is located in the west of Hermentingen and is connected to the drinking water supply of the Zollernalb Group. It pours out an average of around 470 liters of water per second (min. 300, max. 2000 l / s), which flows into the Lauchert after a few meters . The water that can be seen flowing off openly today is only part of the total fill of the karst spring. Their catchment area covers approx. 40 to 45 km². The exit point is at the intersection of geological fault systems (Lauchertgraben and Hohenzollerngraben ). It supplies almost 50,000 people with drinking water. It is the largest spring in Hohenzollern and has been designated as a natural monument and geotope . At the edge of the spring basin stands the statue of St. Gall . The State Institute for Environmental Protection has installed a pilot measuring station for determining the raw water quality in the renovated bakehouse next door . At the entrance to the water house is the inscription: aqua vita est eam puram haben aliter finis tua erit (German: water is life, keep it pure, otherwise it will be your end.)
history
The Gallus spring was probably the reason for the emergence of Hermentingen around 500 AD. Donations to the monasteries of St. Gallen and Reichenau clearly show their influence on the Christianization of the area.
The legend tells the following: St. Coming from Überlingen , Gallus and his pupil Turibius settled down comfortably in the Lauchert valley where the village of Hermentingen is now. At that time the whole area was covered with forests and thick underbrush. The two lived in a spacious cave near the spring, which provided them with healthy drinking water, and the river, rich in fish, provided them with food. They built a small chapel here, which was later gradually expanded. This chapel was later consecrated in honor of St. Gall and is now the second oldest chapel in Hohenzollern . A short time after the church was built, a family settled near it, which dedicated St. Gallus got to know better on his hike. She built a house here and began to clear the valley. The hermit Gallus became known throughout the area and many came to see him and to be instructed in the teaching of Christ. Little by little, several families built their farms around the church and continued to cultivate the land.
In this way the village of Hermentingen gradually came into being. The place was called "Heremitingen" until the 14th century. This means: dwelling place of a heremite, hermit or hermit . In the course of time, the name Hermentingen emerged from this. The cave mentioned above is named "Turbeles Höhle" after the name of the St. Gallus pupil.
Use of the source
The Gallus spring was initially used for brewing beer and from 1847 a mill was used to grind grain . In 1868 the river water of the Lauchert was so bad due to heavy rain that the people of Veringenstadt had to fetch their water from the Gallus spring. In 1893 the princely Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen rent office bought the mill and built a pumping station to pump the precious water up to the Birkhof. The municipality of Harthausen ad Scher joined the pumping station shortly afterwards. In 1912 the municipality of Hermentingen also joined this group water supply itself. The hamlet of Lieshof was connected to the Hermentingen - Harthausen water line in 1948.
The economic boom after the Second World War with a high demand for water as well as several very dry summers with considerable water shortages prompted the city of Balingen , the communities of Bitz , Frommern , Onstmettingen and Harthausen auf der Scher to set up the "Zweckverband Wasserversorgung Zollernalb" on September 1, 1950 to found. After a new waterworks was built in 1988, one of the pumping systems with 3 piston pumps built in 1952 has been preserved as a technical monument. The manufacturer of the piston pump was the Essingen machine factory; 88 rpm; Stroke 350 mm; Engine power 250 kW; Delivery rate 62 l / min; Delivery head 300 m; Work of the pump 83,747 operating hours; from 1952 to November 17, 1984: 19,429,304 m 3
Information wall on the historic pumping station
Pavilion with a historic piston pumping station from 1952
Access to the pavilion
Faucet pump power
Historical piston pumping station from 1952
Historical piston pumping station from 1952
In 1978 the spring basin of the Gallus spring was redesigned.
Current scientific research
As part of the joint project AGRO, a tool for process-based risk management of trace substances and pathogens for karst aquifers is being developed on a catchment area scale. As an object of investigation, the Gallusquelle offers ideal conditions for achieving the project goals:
a) intensely researched karst system with long-term basic data,
b) catchment area contains various forms of land use ,
c) direct use of the source for drinking water supply.
This allows general statements to be made for risk management and is a prerequisite for transferability to other groundwater flow systems. The overall goal of the research project is to provide concrete measures to identify and reduce the entry of new pollutants and pathogens into the groundwater on a catchment area scale.
See also
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Information board on site: Gallus spring in Hermentingen
- ↑ a b Th. Fink: Materials on the history of the city of Veringen. Volume 4: Early History. 2012. "Hohenzollerische Volkszeitung", Volume 1886 No. 188.
- ↑ Th. Fink: Materials on the history of the city of Veringen. Volume 26: 1840-1849. 2012. State Archives Sigmaringen: Ho 111 T 1 No. 6.
- ↑ Th. Fink: Materials on the history of the city of Veringen. Volume 27: 1850-1899. 2012. The Danube Messenger: No. 58, December 10th, 1868.
- ↑ Th. Fink: Materials on the history of the city of Veringen. Volume 27: 1850-1899. 2012. Homeland of Hohenzollern.
- ^ The Gallus source on the website of the AGRO project (version of the project website archived by Archive.org from April 21, 2014)