Max Biala

Max Biala , also Biela and incorrectly Bialas (born August 5, 1905 in delete ; † September 11, 1942 near Ostrów Mazowiecka ), was a German SS sergeant in the Treblinka extermination camp .

Life

Biala was employed as a farm laborer in civil life. After joining the SS , he served as SS Rottenführer in Sachsenhausen concentration camp from January 27, 1940 . As part of the T4 campaign , he was deployed in the Nazi killing centers in Brandenburg and Bernburg . From July 23, 1942, Biala, who had recently been promoted to SS-Unterscharführer, worked as a security guard in the murder of hundreds of thousands of Jews in the Treblinka extermination camp under Camp Manager Irmfried Eberl as part of Aktion Reinhardt .

During a selection on September 11, 1942, Biala was attacked in an act of desperation by inmate Meir Berliner , an Argentine citizen deported from the Warsaw ghetto , and injured with several stab wounds in the shoulder area. Biala was connected by Otto Stadie , but died on the way to the military hospital in Ostrów Mazowiecka. Meir Berliner and two other prisoners were knocked down on the spot with spades and rifle butts and killed by SS men, including Unterscharführer August Rent , and Ukrainian Trawniki men. The guards began shooting at the Jews who stood up at random. In the panic that broke out , some of them managed to get outside through the camp gate. However, they were rounded up again and had to compete again. In the meantime, SS-Obersturmführer Christian Wirth , who was at the gas chambers , had learned of the incidents. He instructed the deputy camp commandant Kurt Franz to shoot every tenth of the Jews who entered . Franz had at least ten men step out, kneel in a row, and killed them himself with shots in the neck. As an additional measure of retaliation, he ordered 80 to 100 “working Jews” to be killed in the same way the following day in the extermination camp's shooting site, known as the “military hospital” .

After his death, the SS camp crew transfigured Biala into a " martyr " and named the residential barracks complex of the Trawniki men as "Max Biala barracks".

literature

• Yitzhak Arad : Belzec, Sobibor, Treblinka - The Operation Reinhardt Camps. Indiana University Press, Indianapolis 1987, ISBN 0-253-21305-3 ( online ).
• Wolfgang Benz : Treblinka extermination camp. In: Wolfgang Benz, Barbara Distel (eds.): The place of terror . History of the National Socialist Concentration Camps. Volume 8: Riga, Warsaw, Vaivara, Kaunas, Płaszów, Kulmhof / Chełmno, Bełżec, Sobibór, Treblinka. CH Beck, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-406-57237-1 , p. 407 ff.
• Richard Glazar : The Trap with the Green Fence. Survival in Treblinka. With a foreword by Wolfgang Benz. Fischer-Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1992, ISBN 3-596-10764-4 , p. 58.
• Jean-Francois Steiner: 'Treblinka The revolt of an extermination camp' with a foreword by Simone de Beauvoir. Harald Kater Sales, Berlin 1994, ISBN 3-927170-06-2 .

Web links

• Treblinka trial judgment of September 3, 1965, 8 I Ks 2/64 , accessed on September 19, 2010.