Garvald (East Lothian)

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Garvald
Main street of Garvald
Main street of Garvald
Coordinates 55 ° 56 ′  N , 2 ° 40 ′  W Coordinates: 55 ° 56 ′  N , 2 ° 40 ′  W
Garvald (Scotland)
Garvald
Garvald
Residents 102 (1991 census)
administration
Post town HADDINGTON
ZIP code section EH41
prefix 01620
Part of the country Scotland
Council area East Lothian
British Parliament East Lothian
Scottish Parliament East Lothian

Garvald is a town in the Scottish council area of East Lothian . It is located about eight kilometers southeast of Haddington and eleven kilometers southwest of Dunbar at the foot of the Lammermuir Hills . To the south, the Papana Water borders Garvald. It is one of the source streams of the Biel Water , which finally flows into the North Sea at Dunbar .

history

The settlement history of the area around Garvald can be traced back to the early Iron Age . The White Castle Fort , located around three kilometers south-east, testifies to this . A few hundred meters east of Garvald was a former nunnery. In the first half of the 16th century, a tower house was built nearby to defend against English troops. From the Hepburns, the fortress came into the hands of Clan Hays , before the Glasgow merchant Walter Wingate Gray bought the building in the second half of the 19th century and had it converted into a mansion , today's Nunraw Old Abbey . From 1946, Cistercian monks used the manor house until their new, south-western monastery was completed.

Since the 12th century is Garvald site of a church, the parish church of the same name Parishs . After the Church of Scotland split up , a building belonging to the Free Church of Scotland was added in the 19th century . During the same period, a community school for 110 students was set up.

During the 19th century, the population fell from 914 in 1831 to 758 within 50 years. While 69 people were registered in Garvald in 1961, there were 102 inhabitants again in 1991.

traffic

Located in a sparsely populated, rural region, no trunk road runs directly through the village. A side road of the B6370 ( Gifford - West Barns ) forms the main road. B-roads connect Garvald to the A1 ( London - Edinburgh ) and the A199 ( Musselburgh - West Barns) in the north and the A68 ( Darlington - Dalkeith ) in the west. Efforts in the 19th century to extend the branch line leading to Gifford via Garvald to the East Coast Main Line were not realized.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Entry in the Gazetteer for Scotland
  2. ↑ Entry on White Castle Fort  in Canmore, the database of Historic Environment Scotland (English)
  3. ↑ Listed Building - Entry . In: Historic Scotland .
  4. ↑ Entry on Nunraw House  in Canmore, the database of Historic Environment Scotland (English)
  5. ↑ Garvald in: FH Groome (Ed.): Ordnance Gazetteer of Scotland: A Survey of Scottish Topography, Statistical, Biographical and Historical , Grange Publishing Works, Edinburgh, 1882–1885.
  6. ^ Information in the Gazetteer for Scotland

Web links

Commons : Garvald  - collection of images, videos and audio files