Gaston Maspero
Gaston Camille Charles Maspero (born June 23, 1846 in Paris , † June 30, 1916 there ) was a French Egyptologist .
Gaston Maspero was the son of immigrants from Lombardy and first attended the Lycée Louis-le-Grand in Paris. From 1865 to 1867 he studied at the École normal supérieure . In 1867 he met Auguste Mariette , who gave him hieroglyphic texts to study. In 1869 he was appointed professor of Egyptology at the École des Hautes Études . From 1874 Maspero was a professor of Egyptian philology and archeology at the Collège de France .
In 1880 he first traveled to Egypt in the Valley of the Kings on behalf of a French archaeological mission . In 1881 Maspero was appointed his successor in the Egyptian service des Antiquités de l'Égypte and the Bulaq Museum , today's Egyptian Museum in Cairo, after Marieta's death . He headed this office first until 1886, then again from 1899 until his retirement in 1914. In 1883 he was elected a full member of the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres .
In the course of his life he researched all over Egypt. With Emil Brugsch he discovered the first pyramid texts (1881), was in office at the discovery of the royal mummies in Deir el-Bahari ( Cachette von Deir el-Bahari ) and organized the scientific antiquity service in Egypt. Maspero was the first to catalog the objects in the Egyptian Museum in Cairo, founded the Catalog général des antiquités égyptiennes du Musée du Caire in 1900 and was then the editor of the first 50 volumes of this publication .
In 1885 Maspero was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences .
His eldest son Georges went to Indochina as colonial administrator , his second son Henri became a famous sinologist , and his third son Jean a papyrologist .
Publications (selection)
- 1871: Une Enquête judiciaire à Thébes au temps de la XX e dynastie (publication of the Abbott Papyrus)
- 1882: Les Contes populaires de l'Égypte ancienne
- 1883: La Trouvaille de Deir el-Bahari
- 1894: Les Inscriptions des pyramides de Saqqarah
- 1910: Au temps de Ramsès et d'Assourbanipal. Egypte et Assyrie anciennes (5th edition)
- 1893–1916: Études de mythologie et d'archéologie Égyptienne in 8 volumes
literature
- Wolfgang Helck , Eberhard Otto : Small Lexicon of Egyptology. 4th revised edition, Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 1999, ISBN 3-447-04027-0 , p. 179.
- Barbara S. Lesko: Maspero, Sir Gaston Camille Charles. In: Kathryn A. Bard (Ed.): Encyclopedia of the Archeology of Ancient Egypt. Routledge, London 1999, ISBN 0-415-18589-0 , pp. 473-474.
- Morris L. Bierbrier: Who was who in Egyptology . 4th revised edition, Egypt Exploration Society, London 2012, ISBN 978-0-85698-207-1 , pp. 359-361.
- Henri Cordier : Bibliography of the œuvres de Gaston Maspero. Paris 1922 digitized
Web links
- Literature by and about Gaston Maspero in the catalog of the German National Library
- Works by and about Gaston Maspero in the German Digital Library
- Dictionary of Art Historians
Individual evidence
- ^ Members of the American Academy. Listed by election year, 1850–1899 ( PDF ). Retrieved September 24, 2015
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Maspero, Gaston |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Maspero, Gaston Camille Charles (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French Egyptologist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | June 23, 1846 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Paris |
| DATE OF DEATH | June 30, 1916 |
| Place of death | Paris |