Keeled lamb's lettuce
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Keeled lamb's lettuce ( Valerianella carinata ) |
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| Valerianella carinata | ||||||||||||
| Loisel. |
The keeled lamb's lettuce ( Valerianella carinata ) is a member of the valerian family (Valerianoideae) that occurs scattered in Central Europe .
Plant description
The annual herbaceous plant is very similar in appearance to the common lamb's lettuce ( Valerianella locusta ). It usually reaches heights between 5 and 20, sometimes up to 40 cm. The stem is hexagonal in cross-section and hairy curved downwards.
The narrow spatulate leaves are almost bare, the upper ones are elongated, linear and blunt.
The inflorescence is forked several times. The bracts are about as long as the flowers.
The bluish-white flowers are about 1.5 mm long.
The fruit has a length of about 2.5 mm and is bald to short-haired. It is elongated on all sides and almost square in diameter. It has a deep furrow between the empty fruit compartments. The pericarp is thin-skinned and translucent in the area of the deep furrow. It is not thickened in the area of the seed-bearing fruit compartment. The fruit has no clear calyx border.
The keeled lamb's lettuce flowers mainly in April and May.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 16 or 18.
Distribution and location requirements
The keeled lamb's lettuce is found in central and southern Europe and North Africa. To the east it penetrates into the Caucasus and Iran. It is a sub-Mediterranean-Mediterranean floral element.
In Germany, the species occurs predominantly in the central and southwestern area. In addition, the keeled lamb's lettuce is rarely found abducted. In Austria, Valerianella carinata occurs scattered in the Pannonian region , otherwise rarely. It is considered endangered in the western Alps. In Switzerland one finds it generally scattered.
Valerianella carinata grows in grain fields, in vineyards and along roadsides. The species prefers more or less dry, warm, nutrient-rich and mostly loamy soils. It originally appeared in societies of the Sedo-Scleranthetea class, but has penetrated secondarily in societies of the Fumario-Euphorbion associations - here especially in the Geranio-Allietum vinealis - and Caucalidion lappulae.
literature
- Henning Haeupler , Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany (= the fern and flowering plants of Germany. Volume 2). Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4 .
- Christian August Friedrich Garcke : Illustrierte Flora , Verlag Paul Parey, 1972, ISBN 3-489-68034-0
- Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald, Raimund Fischer: Excursion flora of Austria. Ed .: Manfred A. Fischer . Ulmer, Stuttgart / Vienna 1994, ISBN 3-8001-3461-6 .
- August Binz , Christian Heitz: School and excursion flora for Switzerland , Schwabe & Co. AG, Basel, 1986, ISBN 3-7965-0832-4
- Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora , Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart, 1990, ISBN 3-8001-3454-3
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 881 .
Web links
- Valerianella carinata Loisel., Keeled Rapunzchen. In: FloraWeb.de.
- Keeled lamb's lettuce . In: BiolFlor, the database of biological-ecological characteristics of the flora of Germany.
- Profile and distribution map for Bavaria . In: Botanical Information Hub of Bavaria .
- Valerianella carinata Loisel. In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora . Retrieved March 31, 2016.
- Thomas Meyer: Lamb's lettuce data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia )