Lamb's lettuce

Lamb's lettuce
	Common lamb's lettuce ( Valerianella locusta ), illustration
Systematics
	Asterids
	Euasterids II
Order :	Cardigans (Dipsacales)
Family :	Honeysuckle Family (Caprifoliaceae)
Subfamily :	Valerian family (Valerianoideae)
Genre :	Lamb's lettuce
Scientific name
	Valerianella
	Mill.

The plant genus lamb's lettuce ( Valerianella ) belongs to the subfamily of the valerian family (Valerianoideae) within the honeysuckle family (Caprifoliaceae). The genus includes about 80 species in Eurasia , North Africa and North America . The best known representative is the common lamb's lettuce ( Valerianella locusta ).

Other names for this are: Corn salad (in Schwaben ), Mäuseöhrchensalat or mouse ear salad ( Eifel , Hunsrück , Saarland , Luxembourg ), nutlets ( Waldecker Land , Northern Hesse ), lamb's lettuce (Switzerland and südbadisches Alemannisch) or Nüssler ( Switzerland ), Rapunzel (salat) ( thüringen , axes ), Rawunze (Mittelhessen) and Rawinzchen (Schlotheim, thüringen), sheep mouths or Schoofsmeiala ( CHF ), Hasenöhrchen ( Unterfranken ) Döchderle , Sonnenwirbel or Sunnewirbeli, sun whirl ( Baden ), Ritscherli ( Ortenau ), Vogel salad ( South Tyrol ), Vogerlsalat ( Bavaria , Austria ), Wingertsalat ( Palatinate ), lard (Hessisches Ried).

The name Rapunzel as a generic term for the lamb's lettuce and lettuce types similar to it (such as the Rapunzel bellflower and other bluebells, the spiky devil's claw and the common evening primrose ) has a fateful meaning in the fairy tale of the same name in the Brothers Grimm collection .

Valerianella echinata , infructescence

description

The types of lamb's lettuce are annual or wintering annual and are dichotomously branched. The flowers are hermaphroditic , at the end of the branches in clusters but sometimes also individually further down the stem in the axils of the branches. The calyx may be missing or it may be of different sizes with 6 to 30 teeth. The corolla is small, with five somewhat unequal tips, it is bluish or pink in color. The corolla tube is funnel-shaped and hardly more than twice as long as the corolla lobes and slightly bulged. Three stamens are present, the style is three-columned.

Systematics

Valerianella was listed in The Gardeners Dictionary , 4th Edition, Volume 3 in 1754 by Philip Miller . Synonyms for Valerianella are Dufresnia DC. and Siphonella ( Torr. & A. Gray ) Small .

Crowned lamb's lettuce ( Valerianella coronata )

Toothed lamb's lettuce ( Valerianella dentata )

Valerianella discoidea

Furrowed lamb's lettuce ( Valerianella rimosa )

Valerianella szovitsiana

Valerianella uncinata

Valerianella vesicaria

Types (selection)

Valerianella amarella (Lindh. Ex Engelm.) Krok : The home is Oklahoma and Texas.
Valerianella amblyotis fish. & CA Mey.
Valerianella antilibanotica Rech. F. : It occurs in Syria.
Valerianella balansae V. A. Matthews : It occurs in Turkey.
Keeled lamb's lettuce ( Valerianella carinata Loisel. ), Occurs in southern, western and central Europe.
Valerianella chlorodonta Coss. & Durieu : It occurs in Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia and Libya.
Valerianella chlorostephana Boiss. & Balansa
Valerianella corniculata C.A. Mey. : It occurs in Armenia and Azerbaijan.
Topped lamb's lettuce ( Valerianella coronata (L.) DC. , Syn .: Valerianella pumila DC. ); occurs in Europe especially in the south.
Valerianella costata (Steven) Betcke : It occurs in Spain, the Balearic Islands, Sicily, Serbia, Greece, Bulgaria, Crete, the Aegean Sea, Turkey, Romania, Ukraine, Moldova and the Caucasus region.
Valerianella cymbocarpa C.A. Mey.
Valerianella dactylophylla Boiss. & High.
Toothed lamb's lettuce ( Valerianella dentata (L.) Pollich ): The home is Macaronesia, North Africa and Eurasia.
Valerianella discoidea (L.) Loisel. : It comes in Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Spain, Portugal, France, the Balearic Islands, Corsica, Sardinia, Sicily, Italy, Croatia, Montenegro, Albania, Greece, Crete, in the Aegean Sea, Bulgaria, in the European and Asian Turkey, Syria and Lebanon.
Valerianella echinata (L.) DC. : It comes in Morocco, Algeria, Spain, Portugal, the Balearic Islands, France, Corsica, Sardinia, Sicily, Italy, Croatia, Serbia, Albania, Greece, Crete, in the Aegean Sea, in European and Asian Turkey, Syria, in Lebanon, Israel and Ukraine.
Woolly lamb's lettuce ( Valerianella eriocarpa Desv. ): The home is Europe, North Africa and the Middle East.
Valerianella falconida Shvedtsch. : It occurs in the Crimea.
Valerianella fusiformis Pau : It occurs in Spain.
Valerianella glomerata Boiss. & Balansa
Valerianella hirsutissima Link : It occurs in Greece, Crete in the Aegean Sea and in European and Asian Turkey.
Valerianella kotschyi Boiss.
Valerianella lasiocarpa (Steven) Betcke
Valerianella leiocarpa (C. Koch) Kuntze
Valerianella leptocarpa Pomel : It occurs in Algeria.
Valerianella lipskyi Lincz.
Common lamb's lettuce ( Valerianella locusta (L.) Laterr. ): It is native to Macaronesia, North Africa, Europe and West Asia.

Valerianella martinii Loscos : It occurs in Spain.

Valerianella microcarpa Loisel. : It comes in the Azores, Madeira, Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Spain, Portugal, the Balearic Islands, France, Italy, Corsica, Sardinia, Sicily, Albania, Greece, Bulgaria, Crete, the Aegean and the European Turkey.

Valerianella multidentata Loscos & J. Pardo : It occurs in Morocco, Algeria and Spain.

Valerianella obtusiloba Boiss. : It occurs in Greece, Crete, the Aegean Sea, Lebanon and in European and Asian Turkey.

Valerianella orientalis (Schltdl.) Boiss. & Balansa : It occurs in Greece, the Aegean Sea, Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Jordan and Israel.

Valerianella oxyrhyncha fish. & CA Mey.

Valerianella petrovichii Ash. : It occurs in Egypt and Libya.

Valerianella plagiostephana fish. & CA Mey.

Valerianella platycarpa Trautv.

Valerianella pomelii Batt. : It occurs in Morocco and Algeria.

Valerianella pontica Lipsky : It occurs in Bulgaria, Ukraine and in the Caucasus region.

Furrowed lamb's lettuce ( Valerianella rimosa Bastard ), occurs in Europe in the south, west and central Europe, north to Denmark and east to Ukraine; also in North Africa and the Middle East.

Valerianella sclerocarpa fish. & CA Mey.

Valerianella soyeri Boiss.

Valerianella Stephanodon Coss. & Durieu : It occurs in Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia and Libya.

Valerianella szovitsiana fish. & CA Mey.

Valerianella texana Dyal : The home is Texas.

Valerianella triceras Bornm. : It occurs in Turkey and in the Aegean Sea.

Valerianella tuberculata Boiss.

Valerianella turgida (Steven) Betcke : She comes in Italy, on the Balkan Peninsula, in the Aegean, in European and Asian Turkey, in the Aegean, Crete, Bulgaria, Romania, Moldova, in Ukraine, in the Caucasus, in Armenia, Azerbaijan , Georgia and Romania.

Valerianella uncinata (M. Bieb.) Dufr.

Valerianella vesicaria (L.) Moench : It occurs in Algeria, Libya, Italy, Sardinia, Sicily, Greece, Crete, in the Aegean, in European and Asian Turkey, in Syria, Lebanon, Jordan and in Israel.

swell

literature

Manfred A. Fischer , Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol. 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2005, ISBN 3-85474-140-5 .
D. Ernet, IBK Richardson: Valerianella Miller. In: Thomas Gaskell Tutin u. a .: Flora Europaea . Volume 4, Cambridge University Press, 1976, ISBN 0-521-08717-1 , pp. 48-52.

Individual evidence

↑ Joachim Heinrich Campe (Ed.): Dictionary of the German language - third part - LR . Braunschweig 1809, p. 746 f. ( Complete scan on Google Books)
↑ Rapunzel. In: Johann Georg Krünitz, Friedrich Jakob Floerke, Heinrich Gustav Flörke: Economic Encyclopedia . Volume 120, Berlin 1812, pp. 646-650. ( Complete scan on Google Books)
^ Philip Miller: The Gardeners Dictionary . 1754 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
↑ ^a ^b Valerianella. In: Tropicos. Missouri Botanical Garden, accessed April 10, 2012 .
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f GRIN Taxonomy for Plants. Genus: Valerianella. In: Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Area, accessed May 16, 2014 .
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z E. von Raab-Straube & T. Henning (2017+): Valerianaceae. - In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Data sheet Valerianaceae

Web links

Wiktionary: lamb's lettuce - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Commons : Corn Salad - Collection of images, videos and audio files

[1] Joachim Heinrich Campe (Ed.): Dictionary of the German language - third part - LR . Braunschweig 1809, p. 746 f. ( Complete scan on Google Books)

[2] Rapunzel. In: Johann Georg Krünitz, Friedrich Jakob Floerke, Heinrich Gustav Flörke: Economic Encyclopedia . Volume 120, Berlin 1812, pp. 646-650. ( Complete scan on Google Books)

[GaDict-3] Philip Miller: The Gardeners Dictionary . 1754 ( limited preview in Google Book search).

[Tropicos-4] Valerianella. In: Tropicos. Missouri Botanical Garden, accessed April 10, 2012 .

[GRIN-5] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f GRIN Taxonomy for Plants. Genus: Valerianella. In: Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Area, accessed May 16, 2014 .

[Euro+Med-6] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z E. von Raab-Straube & T. Henning (2017+): Valerianaceae. - In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Data sheet Valerianaceae