Yellow-leaved Spei-blubber

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Yellow-leaved Spei-blubber
Systematics
Class : Agaricomycetes
Subclass : insecure position (incertae sedis)
Order : Russulales (Russulales)
Family : Deaf relatives (Russulaceae)
Genre : Russulas ( Russula )
Type : Yellow-leaved Spei-blubber
Scientific name
Russula rutila
Romagn.

The yellow-leaved Spei-Täubling or small yolk-Täubling ( Russula rutila ) is a mushroom from the family of the Täubling related . It is a rare, red-capped and pungent-tasting deaf with yolk-yellow spore powder that grows in deciduous forests under red beeches, hornbeams or oaks.

features

Macroscopic features

The rather firm, rigid hat is 3–6 (–8) cm wide. It is initially arched, then spread out and finally depressed until it is deepened in a funnel shape. The edge is rather blunt, smooth for a long time and only slightly and briefly grooved with age. When it is dry, the hat skin is matt or at least not shiny and usually only one-third peelable. The hat is usually intensely red in color, but the center tends to fade from straw yellow to cream ocher. The color can also tend more towards pink or orange.

The blunt lamellae are quite narrow and 6–7.5 mm high. They are first straw yellow and then ocher yellow and are very even and never mixed in. Occasionally they can be forked. The spore powder is yolk yellow ( IVd according to Romagnesi ).

The white and slightly frosted stem is 3–6 cm long and 0.5–2 cm wide. At first it is firm and full, but later it becomes more fragile and is then spongy or irregularly chambered. The stem, cylindrical or thickened at the base, does not tend to be gray and is never pink or reddish overflowing.

The white meat is initially quite firm, but then soft and brittle and has a sharp taste. The smell is slightly fruity. The guaiac reaction is negative.

Microscopic features

The spores are 7.5–10 µm long and 6.5–8 µm wide and densely covered with isolated, prickly warts, some of which have thin connecting lines, but which are not networked. The basidia are 34–38 µm long and 10–14 µm wide. The cystids are usually spindle-shaped and 52–82 µm long and (5.7–) 6.5–10 µm wide.

The Pileocystiden are cylindrical, spindle-shaped or club-shaped. They are 6–8 (–10) µm wide and often slightly encrusted.

ecology

The deafblings, like all deafblings, is a mycorrhizal fungus that can partner with various deciduous trees. Its most important hosts are oaks , red beeches and hornbeams. The fungus can be found in oak and hornbeams - or in beech forests in mild locations on loamy soils, such as lime-brown soils and pelosols over lime, marls or basalt .

distribution

European countries with evidence of finding of the yellow-leaved Spei-Täubling.
Legend:
  • Countries with found reports
  • Countries without evidence
  • no data
  • non-European countries

    • The rare, European species occurs mainly in the temperate, subatlantic climatic zone and has been found mainly in Western Europe.

    The species has been found sporadically in West Germany. The Täubling is listed in the risk category RL2 on the German Red List .

    Systematics

    Inquiry systematics

    The yellow-leaved Speitäubling is in the subsection Maculatinae (Urentinae), which is below the section Insidiosinae (Subgenus Insidiosula). The representatives of this subsection usually have red, yellow or purple hats. They taste hot and have a yellow spore powder.

    Forms and varieties

    • Russula rutila f. oxydabilis Romagn. 1962
    The hat is 3–7 cm wide and colored pink-reddish to red. Sometimes it can also be more or less orange or pink in color and pale ocher yellow or cream in the middle. The hat skin is shiny and over half of it is removable. The lamellae are less dense than in the type and are yellow. The white stem is sometimes tinged with pink. The meat tastes sharp the spores. The guaiac reaction is weak positive.

    meaning

    Like all representatives of the Maculatinae subsection, the yellow-leaved Speitäubling is inedible to slightly poisonous.

    literature

    • Russula rutila. In: Russula database. CBS Fungal Biodiversity Center, accessed December 20, 2010 .
    • H. Romagnesi: Russula rutila. In: Les Russules d'Europe et d'Afrique du Nord (1967). MycoBank, the Fungal website, accessed December 20, 2010 (French).

    Individual evidence

    1. ↑ a b c German Josef Krieglsteiner (Ed.), Andreas Gminder , Wulfard Winterhoff: Die Großpilze Baden-Württemberg . Volume 2: Stand mushrooms: inguinal, club, coral and stubble mushrooms, belly mushrooms, boletus and deaf mushrooms. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3531-0 , p. 545.
    2. ↑ a b Russula rutila. (PDF DOC) Russulas. Micologia.biz Web de micología Europea, p. 168 , accessed June 19, 2011 (Spanish).
    3. ^ A b Original Latin diagnosis of Russula rutila. In: Russulales News. Retrieved June 19, 2011 .
    4. ↑ Russula rutila in Basidiomycota Checklist-Online. In: basidiochecklist.info. Retrieved August 31, 2011 .
    5. ↑ Belgian List 2012 -Russula rutila. Retrieved October 6, 2012 .
    6. ^ Estonian eBiodiversity Species description Russula rutila. In: elurikkus.ut.ee. Retrieved October 6, 2012 .
    7. ↑ Worldwide distribution of Russula rutila. (No longer available online.) In: data.gbif.org. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016 ; Retrieved August 21, 2011 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / data.gbif.org
    8. ↑ Russula rutila in the PilzOek database. In: pilzoek.de. Retrieved August 21, 2011 .
    9. ^ NMV Verspreidingsatlas online: Russula rutila. In: verspreidingsatlas.nl. Retrieved October 6, 2012 .
    10. ↑ Distribution atlas of mushrooms in Switzerland. (No longer available online.) In: wsl.ch. Federal Research Institute for Forests, Snow and Landscape WSL, archived from the original on October 15, 2012 ; Retrieved October 6, 2012 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.wsl.ch

    Web links