Yellow-striped alder spanner

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Yellow-striped alder spanner
Yellow-striped Alder Spanner (Hydrelia flammeolaria)

Yellow-striped Alder Spanner ( Hydrelia flammeolaria )

Systematics
Order : Butterflies (Lepidoptera)
Family : Spanner (Geometridae)
Subfamily : Larentiinae
Tribe : Asthenini
Genre : Hydrelia
Type : Yellow-striped alder spanner
Scientific name
Hydrelia flammeolaria
( Hufnagel , 1767)

The yellow-striped alder spanner ( Hydrelia flammeolaria ), also called yellow- waved alder leaf spanner or kitten spanner , is a butterfly ( moth ) from the spanner family (Geometridae).

features

The moths have a wingspan of 17 to 18 millimeters (16 to 20 millimeters). The forewings are light yellow and have numerous ocher yellow or orange-brown, strongly wavy to jagged, relatively wide transverse lines and a small brown discal spot. The border has no lines or moons. The thickness and color of the cross lines can vary slightly. Bergmann interprets the forms with broad transverse lines that merge into ties and largely cover the basic color (f. Confluens Hoffmann) as forms of moisture. In the forms of dryness, the lines are sharper and a little paler.

Caterpillar and pupa

The slender caterpillar is almost cylindrical and has clear segment cuts. It is colored light green, the segment incisions are whitish.

Geographical distribution and habitat

The species is distributed from the Iberian Peninsula and the British Isles in the west across Central and Eastern Europe, Siberia to the Russian Far East , northeast China and Japan . The northern border of the distribution runs through the northern Fennoscandia , the southern border over the southern southern Europe to the Balkans.

The species prefers moist deciduous forests, but also dry forests and bushes, hedges and strips of wood on limestone slopes, rocky semi-arid grasslands and steppe heaths. It is also found in gardens and parklands. In the Alps, the species rises up to 1,600 meters. (or 2000 meters).

Way of life

The yellow-striped alder spanner forms one generation per year whose moths fly in Central Europe from mid-May to early August (focus from mid-June to mid / late July). The moths are nocturnal and rest in the vegetation during the day, but can be scared off easily. At night they come to the light . The oligophagous caterpillars feed mainly on alder leaves ( Alnus ). On the underside of the leaves, they spin threads from the petiole to the tip of the leaf, so that the leaf is slightly bent. The caterpillars hide long stretched out along the midrib between the threads and the underside of the leaf during the day. At night they come out of this hiding place or become active and eat the soft leaf material between the side ribs. Following larval food plants are in the literature include: gray alder ( Alnus incana ), maples ( Acer ), including Norway maple ( Acer platanoides ), field maple ( Acer campestre ), birch ( Betula ), Linden ( Tilia ), beech ( Fagus sylvatica ) Sal willow ( Salix caprea ).

The pupa hibernates.

Systematics and taxonomy

The species was first scientifically described as Phalaena flammeolaria . Today it is generally assigned to the genus Hydrelia Hübner, 1825. In older works the species can also be found under the more recent synonym Geometra luteata Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775 (e.g. at Eckstein). Due to the variability, Leraut (2009) ruled out the following forms :

  • f. confluens Hoffmann, 1917: the middle transverse lines merge below the middle to form a band
  • f. luteosignata Lempke, 1950: on the front wing the transverse lines are dark yellow instead of yellowish brown, so these specimens are less contrasting
  • f. brunneosignata Lempke, 1969: the transverse lines are dark brown instead of yellow-brown
  • f. fasciata Lempke, 1969. the transverse lines delimit a broad transverse ligament on the fore and hind wings.

Danger

The species is widespread and common in some areas. It is not considered to be endangered in Germany.

swell

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Red Lists at Science4you
  2. ^ A b Karl Eckstein: The butterflies of Germany, 4th volume, The tensioners and the bear-like butterflies. KG Lutz Verlag, Stuttgart, 1923 (p. 28, as Larentia luteata )
  3. ↑ Leraut (2009: p. 729)
  4. ↑ Skou (1986: pp. 208/9)
  5. ↑ a b Forster & Wohlfahrt (1971: p. 139)
  6. ↑ a b Ebert (2001: p. 495-7)
  7. ↑ Manfred Koch , Wolfgang Heinicke, Bernd Müller: We determine butterflies. Volume 4: Spanner. 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. Neumann, Leipzig / Radebeul 1976, DNB 780451570 , pp. 154-155.
  8. ^ Karl Vorbrodt and Johannes Müller-Rutz: The butterflies of Switzerland. Volume 2 (incl. 2nd addendum). Printing and publishing house KJWyss, Bern. 1914
  9. ^ Bergmann (1955: p. 523-5)
  10. ↑ IV. Continuation of the table of the night birds, which contains the 3rd species of the same, namely the tension knife (Phalaenas Geometras Linnaei), p. III. Volume p.393. - Berlinisches Magazin, 4 (5): 504-527, Berlin 1767 Online at SUB Göttingen (p. 510)
  11. ↑ formae are just informal names without status in the zoological nomenclature.

literature

  • Arno Bergmann: The large butterflies of Central Germany. Volume 5/1: Spanner. Distribution, forms and communities. Urania-Verlag, Jena 1955, DNB 450378403 .
  • Günter Ebert (Ed.): The butterflies of Baden-Württemberg. Volume 8. Moth VI (Geometridae 1st part). Ulmer Verlag Stuttgart 2001. ISBN 3-8001-3497-7
  • Patrice Leraut: Moths of Europe. Volume II. Geometrid moths. NAP Editions 2009, ISBN 978-2-913688-09-4
  • Walter Forster , Theodor A. Wohlfahrt : The butterflies of Central Europe. Volume 5: Spanner. (Geometridae). Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart 1981, ISBN 3-440-04951-5 .
  • Peder Skou: The geometroid moths of North Europe (Lepidoptera, Drepanidae and Geometridae). 348 S., Leiden, Brill, 1986 online at GoogleBooks

annotation


Web links

Commons : Hydrelia flammeolaria  - Collection of images, videos and audio files