Georg Wilhelm Munke

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Georg Wilhelm Munke (also Muncke, Moncke ) (born November 28, 1772 in Hilligsfeld near Hameln, † October 17, 1847 in Großkmehlen on an estate of his son-in-law) was a German physicist .

He was first an inspector at the Georgianum in Hanover (opened as an aristocratic school in 1796 and closed by the Westphalian government in 1810). He was related to the director Johann Georg Heinrich Feder .

1810–17 he was a professor of physics in Marburg and then in Heidelberg until his death .

In the 1820s, he wondered why the sky was blue. In 1827, after Fourier's theory of heat became known, he offered an analytical solution for the propagation of a temperature wave and the depth of penetration of the sun's heat into the Earth's interior and in 1829 he concluded from the observations of César François Cassini de Thury , Saussure and Alexander von Humboldt that 3 Feet depth the daily, at 5 feet the monthly and at 30 feet the annual temperature change ceases. From 1828 he worked on Johann Samuel Traugott Gehler 's physical dictionary . He gave his lectures on Westliche Hauptstrasse on the upper floor of the former Dominican monastery, where he also lived.

After Baron Paul Schilling von Canstadt had returned from Siberia in 1832, he had constructed an electromagnetic needle telegraph based on Ampère's experiments , which he had presented to Tsar Nicholas I in 1833 and to the "Meeting of Naturalists and Physicians" in Bonn in September 1835. The Frankfurt merchant and mechanic Johann Valentin Albert had Munke made a copy, which Munke demonstrated on March 6, 1836, with William Fothergill Cooke also being present, who in turn continued to work on it with Charles Wheatstone .

On December 2nd, 1838, Privy Councilor Munke demonstrated the latest thermoelectric devices and how they can generate a spark.

In 1826 he became an honorary member of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Saint Petersburg . In 1830 he was elected a corresponding member of the Göttingen Academy of Sciences .

Publications

  • System of atomistic physics; presented according to the latest experiences and tests ; Hanover, 1809
  • Outline of the practical types of calculation, for use in lectures ; Marburg, 1812
  • Physical and cosmological treatises for the study of natural history ; Giessen 1815
  • About the gunpowder, its constituents, the strength and the nature of its action ; Marburg 1817
  • Beginnings of the theory of nature, 1st division: experimental physics, 2nd division: mathematical and physical geography and atmospheric spherology ; Heidelberg, 1819/20
  • Subsequent remarks on Littrow 's problem ; In Journal of Physics and Allied Sciences ( Online )

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Repertory of Recent Church History . Hoffmann, 1790, p. 311 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  2. Klaus Mlynek: History of the City of Hanover: From the beginning of the 19th century to the ... Schlütersche, 1994, ISBN 3-87706-364-0 , p. 821 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  3. ^ NDB on pen
  4. ^ Götz Hoeppe: Why the Sky is Blue: Discovering the Color of Life . Princeton University Press, 2007, ISBN 978-0-691-12453-7 , pp. 118 .
  5. dgg-online.de: On the history of geophysics (February 29, 2008) ( Memento of the original from December 3, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.dgg-online.de
  6. Ludwig Darmstaedter: Handbook for the History of Natural Sciences and Technology 1866 , p. 382 (PDF; 2.9 MB)
  7. NDB on Schilling
  8. Heroes of the Telegraph: Sir William Fothergill Cooke ( Memento of October 7, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
  9. Heidelbergische [afterw.] Heidelberger Jahrbücher der Literatur . 1838, p. 1232 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  10. ^ Foreign members of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Georg Wilhelm Muncke. Russian Academy of Sciences, accessed October 8, 2015 .
  11. Holger Krahnke: The members of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen 1751-2001 (= Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Philological-Historical Class. Volume 3, Vol. 246 = Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Mathematical-Physical Class. Episode 3, vol. 50). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2001, ISBN 3-525-82516-1 , p. 175.
  12. Georg Christoph Hamberger, Johann Georg Meusel: The learned Teutschland, or, Lexicon of the now living German ... Meyersche buchhandlung, 1821, p. 792 ( limited preview in Google Book search).