Georg Cancrin

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Georg Cancrin

Georg Ludwig Daniel Graf Cancrin (also: Kankrin , Russian Егор Францевич Канкрин / Yegor Franzevich Kankrin ) (* 26. November 1774 in Hanau , † 9 September . Jul / 21st September  1845 . Greg in Pavlovsk in Saint Petersburg ) was a German - Russian general of the Russian army and Russian finance minister.

Life

Georg Cancrin, son of the engineer and master builder Franz Ludwig Cancrin , studied law and politics (political science) in Gießen and Marburg between 1790 and 1794 . At this time he wrote the novel Dagobert: History from the current war of freedom ( Hamburg , 1798). After completing his studies, he joined the Anhalt-Bernburg government as a member of the government .

In 1796 he followed his father to Russia, who initially did not support him or could not support him. Only when his father took over the management of the salt works in Staraja Russa for the second time in 1800 did Georg lose a position. But their relationship remained tense

Georg Cancrin later worked in the Ministry of the Interior and in the military administration. He wrote a work on feeding the troops . This was occasion for his promotion to adjutant of General provisions Master in 1811. The year after the appointment was made to major general and general manager of the Western Army. His excellent administration of this office drew the attention of Alexander I , who appointed him general manager of all active armies.

Cancrin was later involved in the negotiations with France about the so-called mounting compensation and obtained a sum of 30 million francs for Russia, for which he received the rank of lieutenant general. As a result of the intrigues that the Old Russian Party had spun against him, he was embroiled in an investigation in which he knew how to justify himself, but in 1820 received the requested dismissal as general manager and became a member of the consortium of the war ministry . He was later appointed a full member of the Reichsrat.

Since he had meanwhile made a name for himself as the author of state economic writings, he was promoted to finance minister in 1823 and was thus responsible for the administration of the state treasure emptied by Balthasar von Campenhausen and Gurjew . Cancrin brought order to the broken financial system, but at the same time, by exaggerating the prohibitive system, prevented Russia's economic development to a large extent.

In addition, he regarded state industry as the best means of gaining money for the state and ruthlessly used the state's means of power to hold down competition from private industry and private credit, while on the other hand the companies he benefited, namely canal and road construction, insurance companies and scientific expeditions, have been sustainably supported. Mention should be made here of the role he played as a member of the government during Alexander von Humboldt's expedition through Russia in 1829. His violent procedure called political opponents on the scene, but he was received by Alexander I and Nicholas I despite all hostility in office. Cancrin fueled inflation by recklessly issuing paper money and he eventually resigned in April 1844. Since 1843 he was an elected member of the American Philosophical Society .

He then went to Paris , but soon returned to Saint Petersburg , where he died on September 21, 1845. His grave is preserved in the Evangelical Lutheran cemetery in St. Petersburg.

Georg Cancrin was married to Jekaterina Sacharowna, b. Muravyov (1795-1849).

Honors

Cancrinite

The mineral cancrinite was named after Georg Cancrin . The fact that the namesake should have been his father, Franz Ludwig Cancrin, is based on a misinformation that was brought into the world by Karl Wilhelm Gümbel and then copied many times.

Works

  • "Fragments on the art of war according to military philosophy" (Petersburg 1809)
  • Essai sur l'histoire de l'économie politique des peuples modern. jusqu'au commencement de l'année 1817 (Paris 1818)
  • "World wealth, national wealth and state economy" (Petersburg 1821)
  • "On the military economy in peace and in war" (Petersburg 1822–23, 3 vols.)
  • "The economy of human societies" (Petersburg 1845) - was considered to be no longer up to date
  • "Travel Diaries 1840-45" Ed. Count Keyserling (1865, 2 vol.).
  • "In the Urals and Altai, correspondence between Alexander von Humboldt and Count Georg von Cancrin" (Leipzig 1869, reprint Bremen 2010).

literature

Web links

Commons : Georg Cancrin  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Date of birth according to information from Hanau before 1782, see FW Strieder: Basis for a Hessian Scholarly and Writer's History, Volume 2 , Göttingen 1782, page 114, as well as according to his own diary of October 15, 1840, see A. Keyserling: From the travel diaries of Count Georg Kankrin, Volume 1, Braunschweig 1865, page 143 .
  2. ↑ Lorenz / Nickel / Nossek, p. 48f.
  3. ↑ Member History: Count Egor Kankrin. American Philosophical Society, accessed October 17, 2018 .
  4. ↑ Lorenz / Nickel / Nossek, p. 6.
  5. ↑ Lorenz / Nickel / Nossek, p. 26, note 86.
personal data
SURNAME Cancrin, Georg
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Cancrin, Georg Ludwig Graf (full name); Kankrin, Georg; Канкрин, Егор Францевич (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German-Russian general and statesman
DATE OF BIRTH November 26, 1774
PLACE OF BIRTH Hanau
DATE OF DEATH September 21, 1845
Place of death Pavlovsk near Saint Petersburg