Balthasar (III.) Baron von Campenhausen

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Balthasar von Campenhausen
Balthasar von Campenhausen in full regalia

Balthasar Freiherr von Camphausen ( Russian Балтазар Балтазарович Кампенгаузен; born January 5 . Jul / 16th January  1772 greg. Gut Lenzenhof (Latvian: Lenču muiža) in Wenden , Livonia , † September 11 jul. / 23. September  1823 greg. in St. Petersburg ) was a Russian statesman of Baltic German descent.

family

Balthasar von Campenhausen was the eldest son of the imperial Russian senator , Privy Councilor , civil governor of Livonia, district administrator and landlord of Orellen, Balthasar Freiherr von Campenhausen and his wife Sophie Eleonore von Campenhausen, née. Woldeck von Arneburg (1744–1791), the heiress of Rohrbeck in the Altmark . He is the grandson of the Russian Lieutenant General and Governor General of Finland , Balthasar Freiherr von Campenhausen (who was also the builder of the house where he was born on the Orellen estate) and his second wife Helene Juliane nee. from Straelborn. Balthasar (III.) Had three sisters and three brothers. His brother Hermann (1773–1836) took over the Orellen estate from his father and married Countess Keyserling . His brother Christoph (1780–1841) was a member of the Russian consistory in St. Petersburg . His sister Leocadie married Magnus Barclay de Tolly, the only son of the Russian Field Marshal and Minister of War Michael Andreas Barclay de Tolly . His sister Charlotte (1778–1831) married the Russian governor of Estonia , Gotthard Wilhelm von Budberg-Bönninghausen . His sister Sophie became the Russian lady-in-waiting of the Hereditary Princess Helene Paulowna of Mecklenburg [-Schwerin] , Chief Chamberlain of the Hereditary Grand Duchess Alexandrine of Mecklenburg [-Schwerin] and wife of the Mecklenburg (first) Minister Leopold von Plessen

  • Grandfather Balthasar (I.)

  • Grandmother Helene

  • Father Balthasar (II.)

  • Mother Sophie Eleonore

  • Sister Sophie

Life

Russian wife Proskovia (1780–1869)

Balthasar von Campenhausen studied at the universities of Leipzig , Wittenberg and Göttingen and completed his studies with a dissertation on the subject of drafts of physical maps of peoples, religions and cultures of the Russian Empire . He then entered the Russian civil service and worked in the diplomatic service in Poland and Sweden . Von Campenhausen also led the reorganization of the commercial school and the surgical clinic in St. Petersburg. Tsar Alexander I appointed him director of the 3rd Department (Medical Department) in the Russian Interior Ministry. In 1802 he was sent by the tsar to the Russian provinces on the Black Sea to take measures to improve trade and also to take quarantine measures to prevent the spread of the plague epidemic from Turkey and Persia .

In 1805 Balthasar von Campenhausen was appointed governor of Taganrog . There he developed a lively activity: the expansion of the port, the installation of new warehouses, the intensification of coastal shipping, the establishment of a nautical school, a chamber of commerce, a pharmacy, and the improvement of medical care are all attributable to him. The city was developed systematically planned, with artificial lighting by oil lamps, the construction of the city park (today Gorky Park) and new streets. Several streets in today's city bear his name.

In 1809 Campenhausen was recalled to St. Petersburg and appointed Minister of Finance, in 1810 he became chamberlain , privy councilor and member of the council of state and in 1811 a senator. In 1823 he was appointed Minister of the Interior, but he died shortly after taking office.

Balthasar (III.) Was the only Campenhausen who and his wife Proskovia (Praskovya) had married an Orthodox Russian; without prejudice to this marriage, he remained faithful to the religious family traditions of the von Campenhausen family.

Orders and decorations

Works

The coat of arms of the von Campenhausen family
  • Attempt at a geographical-statistical description of the governorships of the Russian Empire. I. Olouez governorship . Göttingen, 1792
  • Elements of Russian constitutional law, or main features of the basic constitution of the Russian Empire . Göttingen, 1792
  • Selection of topographical peculiarities of the St. Peterburg governorate . Riga, 1797
  • Liefland magazine, or collection of publicistic-statistical materials to the knowledge of the constitution and statistics of Liefland . Gotha, 1803
  • Genealogical-chronological history of the most noble house Romanow and its ancestral house . Leipzig, 1805

See also

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Entry in the baptismal register of the municipality of Wenden (Latvian: Cēsis)
  2. ^ Baltic Historical Commission (ed.): Entry on Balthasar (III.) Freiherr von Campenhausen. In: BBLD - Baltic Biographical Lexicon digital
  3. ^ Recke, JF v., Napiersky, KE General writers and scholars encyclopedia of the provinces of Livonia, Esthland and Courland , Vol. 1., 1827, s. 326-327 .
  4. ^ Genealogical manual of the Baltic knighthoods, part 1,1 ,: Livland , Bd.:1 , Görlitz, 1929, s. 24
  5. ^ Olavi Pesti: Balthasar Freiherr von Campenhausen and Saaremaa . In: www.aai.ee ( accessed June 30, 2013)
  6. ↑ The Campenhausen family archive was deposited in the Herder Institute in Marburg and is available there today for research into Eastern European history.
  7. ↑ Manor under the oaks, Orelles and the von Campenhausen family in Livonia. Catalog of the exhibition in the Rundale Palace Museum and in the Herder Institute in Marburg, 1998, author of the catalog and scientific editor: Imants Lancmanis , p. 33
personal data
SURNAME Campenhausen, Balthasar Freiherr von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Кампенгаузен, Балтазар Балтазарович (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian politician of German Baltic origin
DATE OF BIRTH January 16, 1772
PLACE OF BIRTH Gut Lenzenhof, municipality of Wenden , Livonia
DATE OF DEATH September 23, 1823
Place of death St. Petersburg